{"id":3581,"date":"2012-01-29T22:50:49","date_gmt":"2012-01-29T20:50:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/?p=3581"},"modified":"2012-09-01T01:16:14","modified_gmt":"2012-08-31T22:16:14","slug":"ms-estonia-faciasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/ms-estonia-faciasi\/","title":{"rendered":"M\/S Estonia Facias\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"28 Eyl\u00fcl 1994 tarihinde M\/S Estonia<\/span><\/em>\u2019n\u0131n Balt\u0131k Denizi’nde batmas\u0131 ile meydana gelen facia; kaybolan insan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 trajedi nedeniyle 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en derin iz b\u0131rakan deniz kazalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015f ve kaza ile ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmalar ve iddialar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar olay\u0131n g\u00fcndeme gelmesine neden olmu\u015ftur. Gemiye ait teknik detaylar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0Tam Boy<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0157.02 m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0Geni\u015flik<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a024.21 m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0Draft<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a05.55 m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0Max. H\u0131z<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a021 knot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0Max. G\u00fc\u00e7<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a017.625 kW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0Yolcu Kapasitesi<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a02000 ki\u015fi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan Kapasitesi<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a01190 ki\u015fi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0Araba Kapasitesi<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0460 adet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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M\/S Estonia, 1980 y\u0131l\u0131nda Almanya Papenburg’da Meyer Werft<\/span><\/em> tersanesinde in\u015fa edilmi\u015f ve \u00f6nce M\/S Viking Sally (1980\u20131990) sonra MS Silja Star (1990\u20131991) ve MS Wasa King (1991\u20131993) isimleri ile g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f ve 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda Estline Marine Co. Ltd. taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131narak M\/S Estonia ad\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gemi Estonya’ya ait zaman\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck gemisi olarak Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ilk ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazanan \u00fclke olan Estonya\u2019n\u0131n adeta ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sembolize etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Geminin Bat\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve Arama Kurtarma Faaliyetleri<\/strong>
\nFacia, 28 eyl\u00fcl 1994 g\u00fcn\u00fc saat 19:00’da Estonya\u2019n\u0131n Tallinn<\/span> Liman\u0131<\/span><\/em>‘ndan hareketle \u0130sve\u00e7\u2019in Stockholm Liman\u0131<\/span><\/em>‘na gitmek; \u00fczere Balt\u0131k Denizi’ni ge\u00e7mekte olan M\/S Estonia’n\u0131n 00:55-01:50 yerel saatleri aras\u0131nda\u00a0 batmas\u0131 ile meydana gelmi\u015ftir. Geminin seyir program\u0131na g\u00f6re Stocholm liman\u0131na\u00a0 var\u0131\u015f,\u00a0 ertesi g\u00fcn (28.09.1994) 09:30 idi. 803 yolcu ve 186 personel olmak \u00fczere gemide bulunan toplam 989 ki\u015fiden facia sonras\u0131 852<\/em><\/span> ki\u015fi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. 137 yolcu ise civardaki gemiler ve arama kurtarma helikopterlerinin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 operasyonla kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 95 ki\u015finin ise cesedi bulunabilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Arama kurtarma faaliyetleri, Uluslararas\u0131 Arama Kurtarma S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/em><\/span> (1979 International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue-the SAR Convention)’ne g\u00f6re en yak\u0131n \u201cMaritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre\u201d olan MRCC Turku Koordinat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’nde Finlandiya arama kurtarma planlar\u0131na g\u00f6re ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Balt\u0131k Denizi’nin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en yo\u011fun trafikli deniz alanlar\u0131ndan biri olmas\u0131 nedeniyle s\u00f6z konusu plan gemilerin kendi kurtarma botlar\u0131 ve yak\u0131ndaki feribotlar\u0131n acil yard\u0131mlar\u0131 ve bir saat i\u00e7inde de helikopterlerin yard\u0131mlar\u0131 esas\u0131na dayanmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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B\u00f6lgede olay saatlerinde 4 metre civar\u0131nda dalga y\u00fcksekli\u011fi, 7-8\u00a0 kuvvetinde hava vard\u0131 ve su s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 10\u00b0C\u201311\u00b0C civar\u0131nda idi. Arama kurtarma faaliyetleri ile ilgili olarak sahne komutan\u0131 (scene commander) olarak g\u00f6revlendirilen M\/S Silja Europa kaptan\u0131 Esa M\u00e4kel\u00e4, normal \u015fartlarda k\u00f6t\u00fc ancak Balt\u0131k Denizi’nin tipik f\u0131rt\u0131nal\u0131 sonbahar havas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015f ve t\u00fcm planl\u0131 feribotlar\u0131n denizde oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015fti. Resmi kay\u0131tlara g\u00f6re geminin tam s\u00fcrati bilinmemekle beraber ilk tehlike mesaj\u0131 yay\u0131nlanmadan M\/S Mariella, M\/S Estonia’ n\u0131n s\u00fcratini radardan 14,2knot olarak tespit etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Gemi, 01:50’de di\u011fer gemilerin radar ekranlar\u0131ndan kaybolmu\u015f ve 59.383\u00b0K 21.7\u00b0E mevkiinde, Ut\u00f6 ada, Finlandiya\u2019dan, 22 mil mesafe 157 \u00b0 kerterizinde batm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k derinlik ise 74 ila 85 metre civar\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Arama kurtarma b\u00f6lgesine gelen 5 gemiden birincisi olan M\/S Mariella 02:12’de ve ilk kurtarma helikopteri ise 03:05’de olay yerine varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta kazazedeler sahile ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131rken daha sonra helikopterler daha riskli bir operasyonla feribotlar \u00fczerine inmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ki bu da helikopter pilotunun dedi\u011fi gibi belki de arama kurtarma operasyonunun en zor k\u0131sm\u0131yd\u0131. Bu nedenle bir helikopter t\u00fcm gemilerden daha fazla insan (44 ki\u015fi) kurtarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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989 ki\u015fiden 138 ki\u015fi kurtar\u0131ld\u0131 ve 1 ki\u015fi de sonradan hastanede vefat etti. Gemiler 34, helikopterler ise 104 ki\u015fi kurtard\u0131. Feribotlar\u0131n planlanandan daha az katk\u0131da bulunmalar\u0131n\u0131n nedeni bot ve filikalar\u0131n denize indirilmesinin son derece riskli olmas\u0131ndand\u0131. \u0130nceleme komisyonunca yakla\u015f\u0131k 301 ki\u015finin \u00fcst g\u00fcvertelere eri\u015febildi\u011fini 160 ki\u015finin can sallar\u0131 ve filikalara t\u0131rmand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve cesedi bulunan 95 ki\u015fi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan 757 kay\u0131p ki\u015finin\u00a0 geminin i\u00e7inde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden 852 ki\u015fi; 501 \u0130sve\u00e7, 285 Estonya, 17 Letonya, 10 Finlandiya ve 44 ki\u015fi di\u011fer \u00fclke vatanda\u015flar\u0131 idi. (1 Belarus, 1 Kanada, 1 Fransa, 1 Hollanda 1 Nigeria, 1 Ukrayna, 1 \u0130ngiltere, 2 Fas, 3 Litvanya, 5 Danimarka, 6 Norve\u00e7, 10 Almanya, 11 Rusya)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Kazan\u0131n Nedenleri Konusundaki Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong>
\nKaza inceleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda Rockwater A\/S, (Norve\u00e7 firmas\u0131) firmas\u0131n\u0131n Uzaktan kumandal\u0131 sualt\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve dalg\u0131\u00e7larla yap\u0131lan incelemelere dayan\u0131larak haz\u0131rlanan Uluslararas\u0131 Kaza Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Komisyonu<\/span><\/em>‘nun (JAIC) resmi raporuna g\u00f6re ba\u015f viz\u00f6r\u00a0 kilidinin \u015fiddetli dalga etkisi\u00a0 ile k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunda ba\u015f viz\u00f6r geminin di\u011fer k\u0131sm\u0131ndan kopmas\u0131 ve takiben rampan\u0131n ar\u0131zalanmas\u0131; suyun ara\u00e7 g\u00fcvertesine dolmas\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00f6zellikle bu tip gemilerde \u00f6nem kazanan serbest y\u00fczey etkisi nedeniyle geminin s\u00fcratle alabora olarak batmas\u0131n\u0131n ana nedeni olmu\u015ftur. Bu arada havan\u0131n f\u0131rt\u0131nal\u0131 olmas\u0131, arama faaliyetlerini zorla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve can kayb\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131 bu sebeple \u00f6nlenememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Komisyonun kaza nedenleri konusundaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sonucunda; Ba\u015f visor 18 Ekim 1994’de bat\u0131\u011f\u0131n 1560 metre bat\u0131s\u0131nda 70 metre derinlikte bulunmu\u015f ve Kas\u0131m 1994 ortalar\u0131nda sudan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak Hanko\/Finlandiya’ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve \u00f6nce 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda Swedish Maritime Museum<\/em><\/span>‘a daha sonra da Musk\u00f6 Adas\u0131’ndaki \u0130sve\u00e7 Deniz \u00dcss\u00fc’ne g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Kaza Sonras\u0131 \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lan Dersler ve Al\u0131nan Tedbirler<\/strong>
\nKaza sonras\u0131 Ro-Ro gemileri, yolcu gemileri ve can kurtarma konular\u0131nda denizcilikte \u00f6nemli kararlara zemin olu\u015fturmu\u015f ve\u00a0 al\u0131nabilecek tetbirler konusunda bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ro-Ro Yolcu gemilerinde yeni baz\u0131 dizayn ve y\u00f6netim d\u00fczenlemeleri g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015f ve bu tip gemilerin denge ko\u015fullar\u0131, H\u0131zl\u0131 Kurtarma Botlar\u0131 gereksinimleri ve Denize Adam D\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc botlar\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fczenleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Gemilerin g\u00fcvenli y\u00f6netimini ve deniz kirlili\u011fini \u00f6nlemeyi hedefleyen uluslararas\u0131 standart olarak 4 Kas\u0131m 1993 tarihinde IMO (Uluslararas\u0131 Denizcilik \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc)’nun ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Uluslararas\u0131 G\u00fcvenli Y\u00f6netim Kodu veya ISM Kodu (International Safety Management Code), Temmuz 1996’tan itibaren, AB limanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda seyreden t\u00fcm yolcu ve Ro-Ro gemileri i\u00e7in zorunlu olarak uygulanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, yani ISM sertifikas\u0131 almalar\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 \u00f6ne al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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M\/S Estonia olay\u0131nda\u00a0 manual olarak aktive edilemeyen tehlike i\u015faretleri veya EPIRB’ler nedeniyle otomatik aktive olmalar\u0131 ve\u00a0 kaza ile ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda b\u00fcy\u00fck kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flayacak sefer kay\u0131t cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n (Voyage Data Recorder) kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlu olmas\u0131 g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda vardiya standartlar\u0131, \u00f6zel e\u011fitim gereksinimleri, t\u00fcm yolcu gemilerinde m\u00fcrettebat\u0131n insan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 konusunda e\u011fitimi ve kriz y\u00f6netiminin ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve de\u011fi\u015fiklikler konular\u0131nda d\u00fczenlemeler getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Kazan\u0131n Estonya\u2019daki Etkileri<\/strong>
\n20. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131ndaki en fazla insan kayb\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 facialardan biri olmas\u0131 nedeniyle insan hikayeleri ile de \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan bir kaza olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nden ayr\u0131lan ilk ayr\u0131lan \u00fclke olarak kazadan 3 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etmi\u015f Estonya\u2019n\u0131n kendi ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan gemisinin sanki \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn bedelini \u00f6dercesine bir facia sonucu batmas\u0131; zaten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00fclke olan Estonya (N\u00fcfus 1.500.000 civar\u0131) da hemen hemen herkesin bir yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi bir insanl\u0131k trajedisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve t\u00fcm \u00fclkeyi etkilemi\u015ftir. Kazada yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden aileler ve \u00f6zellikle\u00a0 \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in de Estonya h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcksek miktarda maddi yard\u0131mlar sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kazada \u00f6lenlerin an\u0131s\u0131na Tallinn’de ve Stocholm\u2019de\u00a0 an\u0131tlar mevcuttur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Kazan\u0131n Sonras\u0131nda \u0130ddialar ve Soru \u0130\u015faretleri<\/strong>
\n“Kazada \u00f6lenlerin yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n dosyan\u0131n yeniden a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 kaza nedenlerinin yeniden ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 konusundaki talepleri hi\u00e7 bitmedi\u00a0 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kazan\u0131n nedenleri konusunda bir\u00e7ok iddialar yer almaktayd\u0131. Bunun da nedeni kazan\u0131n ard\u0131ndaki ger\u00e7eklerin halen \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k olmamas\u0131 ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma komisyonun kamuoyunu ikna etme konusunda yetersiz kalmas\u0131 ve bu nedenle insanlar\u0131n bu olaya ilgisinin devam etmesine neden olmaktad\u0131r\u201d bu sat\u0131rlar estline internet sitesinde yer almakta idi. http:\/\/www.estline.ee\/en\/28091994<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Ger\u00e7ekten de JAIC<\/span><\/em> (The Joint Accident Investigation Commission of Estonia, Finland and Sweden) taraf\u0131ndan kazan\u0131n alt\u0131nda yatan nedenler \u00e7ok iyi tarif edilememi\u015f ve\u00a0 bu durum yogun tart\u0131\u015fma ve spek\u00fclasyonlara neden olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Facian\u0131n ard\u0131ndan kaybolanlar\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131, sevdiklerinin uluslararas\u0131 sulardan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak \u00fclkelerinde bir kabristana nakledilmesini talep ettiler. B\u00f6ylelikle t\u00fcm gemi sudan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak kaza nedenleri konusunda daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 inceleme yapma imkan\u0131 olacakt\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fcyen bedenlerin deniz taban\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131ndaki pratik g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckler ve teknenin y\u00fczeye \u00e7ekilmesi ile kurtarma operayonunun masraflar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne alan \u0130sve\u00e7 hukumeti beton bir kabuk ile \u00f6rt\u00fclmesini \u00f6nerdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u0130sve\u00e7, Finlandiya, Estonya, Litvanya, Polonya, Danimarka, Rusya ve \u0130ngiltere aras\u0131nda 1995’te imzalanan Estonia S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/span><\/em> ile bat\u0131k alan\u0131n\u0131n kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilan edildi ve bu \u00fclke vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n dalma yasa\u011f\u0131 getirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6lenlerin yak\u0131nlar\u0131 dalma yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ask\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 talep ettiler ve bu talep ayn\u0131 zamanda M\/S Estonia falaketi hakk\u0131nda yeni bir soru\u015fturma i\u00e7in \u015feffaf bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z uzmanlar\u0131n (group of experts) \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermekteydi. Yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm incelemeler ve en son 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda VINNOVA<\/span><\/em> (The Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems) taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan SSPA<\/span><\/em> konsorsiyumu taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan\u00a0 ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporunda kazan\u0131n nedenleri olarak;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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– G\u00f6vde b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131 ile deniz suyunun gemiye giri\u015fi,
\n– Bu denli deniz suyu girmesi durumunda\u00a0\u00a0 d\u00fczenli gemi tahliye ve terk\u00a0 i\u00e7in stabilitenin\u00a0 yetersiz olmas\u0131 olarak belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0130ddialar<\/strong>
\nBir denizalt\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7arpm\u0131\u015f olma ihtimalinden, geminin MI6<\/span><\/em> (\u0130ngiliz gizli servisi) ve CIA<\/span><\/em>‘e ait gizli askeri m\u00fchimmat ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu m\u00fchimmat\u0131n yolculuk esnas\u0131nda patlamas\u0131 nedeniyle batt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 haberlerine\u00a0 kadar bir\u00e7ok iddia ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131, hatta\u00a0 gemide yolcu olarak bulunan, KGB nin pe\u015finde oldu\u011fu iddia edilen Urmas Alender isimli Estonya\u2019l\u0131 m\u00fczisyenin geminin bat\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi g\u00f6sterildi. Tabii ki bat\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerinin “an\u0131t mezara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi i\u00e7in” komple beton ile kaplanmas\u0131 (denizin alt\u0131nda), o b\u00f6lgede dal\u0131\u015f yapman\u0131n tamamen yasak olmas\u0131 dedikodular\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckleyen geli\u015fmeler oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ayr\u0131ca kazada\u00a0 kaybolanlar ile ilgili en \u00e7ok konu\u015fulan\u00a0 ayr\u0131nt\u0131 ise\u00a0 Gemi Kaptan\u0131 Arvo Andresson gibi EstLine b\u00fcnyesinde g\u00f6rev yapan bir di\u011fer Estonyal\u0131 yolcu gemisi\u00a0 kaptan\u0131 olan ancak gemide o seferde yolcu olarak bulunan Avo Piht’in\u00a0 kurtulan bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan gemi batarken\u00a0 bir\u00e7ok kazazedeye yard\u0131m ederken g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131\u00a0 kurtulanlar aras\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 ve daha sonra \u0130sve\u00e7, Finlandiya ve Estonya otoriteleri taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan resmi a\u00e7\u0131klamada kayboldu\u011funun bildirilmesi idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\"\"Alman gazeteci Jutta Rabe\u00a0 faciaya ili\u015fkin\u00a0 kendi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 bir kitapa ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131 ve kitapta 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda Balt\u0131c Storm<\/em><\/span> adl\u0131 filme konu oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Estonia’n\u0131n bat\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile ya\u015fanan ilgin\u00e7 insan hikayelerinden biri de bir T\u00fcrk as\u0131ll\u0131 \u0130sve\u00e7 vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bu kazadan kurtulmu\u015f olmas\u0131 ve\u00a0 ilgin\u00e7 ya\u015fam hikayesidir. Carl Ovberg ad\u0131na \u0130sve\u00e7 pasaportu ta\u015f\u0131yan ithalat ihracatla u\u011fra\u015fan i\u015fadam\u0131 K. K. 1971 y\u0131l\u0131nda 19 ya\u015f\u0131nda Hukuk fak\u00fcltesi \u00f6\u011frencisi iken banka arac\u0131 soygunundan yakalanarak 9 y\u0131l cezaevinde yatt\u0131ktan sonra tahliye olup ve 2,5 y\u0131l daha cezas\u0131 var diye tekrar aran\u0131rken yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na ka\u00e7arak ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 \u0130sve\u00e7\u2019te s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve M\/S Estonia’dan kurtulu\u015fu ile tekrar gazete sayfalar\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak\u00a0 29 Eyl\u00fcl 1994 tarihinde Balt\u0131k Denizi’nde M\/S Estonia’n\u0131n bat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 modern deniz tarihinin\u00a0 en b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00a0 deniz\u00a0 facialar\u0131ndan biri\u00a0 olmas\u0131 yan\u0131nda kaybedilen insan hayatlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da son derece trajik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, kaza nedenleri konusunda yap\u0131lan say\u0131s\u0131z inceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 (youtube ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok internet sitesinde yay\u0131nlanmaktad\u0131r) ve hala tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan iddialar\u0131yla uzun y\u0131llar unutulmayacak gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Uz. Kaptan\u0131 Erol Erya\u015fa<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bah\u00e7e\u015fehir \u00dcniversitesi MYO<\/strong><\/p>\n

Denizcilik Programlar\u0131 Kalite Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Referanslar<\/strong><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.denizhaber.com\/index.php?sayfa=yazar&id=11&yazi_id=100278<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/tallinn.cafebabel.com\/en\/post\/2009\/09\/30\/MS-Estonia<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.findagrave.com\/cgi-bin\/fg.cgi?page=cr&GRid=17866236&CRid=2206179&<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.onnettomuustutkinta.fi\/en\/Etusivu\/Tutkintaselostukset\/Vesiliikenne\/MVEstonia\/Lataussivu<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MS_Estonia<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.estoniaferrydisaster.net\/estonia\/index.html<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.imo.org\/knowledgecentre\/<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.estline.ee\/<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.safety-at-sea.co.uk\/mvestonia\/<\/a>
\nSSPA Research Report No. 134, 2008
\nhttp:\/\/www.varsi.net\/english\/estonia1.shtml<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.multi.fi\/estonia\/estorap.html<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pages\/MS-Estonia\/136380919718751<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.supermeydan.net\/forum\/forum502\/thread63698.html#ixzz1hMsJ0gAc<\/a>
\nhttp:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pages\/Avo-Piht\/162180127170017?sk=wiki<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

28 Eyl\u00fcl 1994 tarihinde M\/S Estonia\u2019n\u0131n Balt\u0131k Denizi’nde batmas\u0131 ile meydana gelen facia; kaybolan insan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 trajedi nedeniyle 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en derin iz b\u0131rakan deniz kazalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015f ve kaza ile ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmalar ve iddialar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar olay\u0131n g\u00fcndeme gelmesine neden olmu\u015ftur. Gemiye ait teknik detaylar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.   \u00a0Tam Boy \u00a0157.02 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3638,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[213],"tags":[491,214,490,262,180,489,493,492],"class_list":["post-3581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-deniz-tarihi","tag-baltik-denizi","tag-deniz-tarihi-2","tag-estonia","tag-ilginc-bir-gemi-kazasi-videosu","tag-kaza","tag-meyer-werft","tag-stockholm-limani","tag-tallinn"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nM\/S Estonia Facias\u0131 - e-MarineEducation.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Balt\u0131k Denizi'nde 29 Eyl\u00fcl 1994 tarihinde batan M\/S Estonia gemisinin hikayesi ve kaza sonras\u0131 d\u00fcnya denizcili\u011fine olan etkilerinin a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131d\u0131r.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/ms-estonia-faciasi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M\/S Estonia Facias\u0131 - 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