{"id":29994,"date":"2017-11-30T19:00:56","date_gmt":"2017-11-30T16:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/?p=29994"},"modified":"2017-11-30T09:24:12","modified_gmt":"2017-11-30T06:24:12","slug":"kimyasal-kargolarda-kullanilan-kisisel-koruyucu-ekipmanlarin-onemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/kimyasal-kargolarda-kullanilan-kisisel-koruyucu-ekipmanlarin-onemi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kimyasal Kargolarda Ki\u015fisel Koruyucu Ekipman Kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00d6nemi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Genel olarak Ki\u015fisel Koruyucu Ekipmanlar<\/em><\/span>, gemide emniyet ve sa\u011fl\u0131k risklerine kar\u015f\u0131 giyilen, yada kullan\u0131lan ekipmanlard\u0131r. Bu koruyucu ekipmanlar belirli standartlara sahiptirler ve her gemide hemen hemen ayn\u0131d\u0131rlar. \u00d6rnek verecek olursak;<\/p>\n

\u2022 Baret
\n\u2022 Koruyucu Kulakl\u0131k
\n\u2022 Koruyucu G\u00f6zl\u00fck
\n\u2022 Koruyucu K\u0131yafetler
\n\u2022 Koruyucu Eldivenler
\n\u2022 Emniyet Ayakkab\u0131s\u0131
\n\u2022 Solunum Ekipmanlar\u0131
\n\u2022 Y\u00fczd\u00fcrmeye Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Ekipmanlar vb.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm bu ekipmanlar\u0131n kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 yap\u0131lacak i\u015fe ya da duruma g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir. Biz, kimyasal tankerlerdeki <\/em><\/span>kimyasal kargo elle\u00e7lemelerinde kullan\u0131lan ekipmanlar\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz. Kimyasal kargo<\/em><\/span> dendi\u011finde ta\u015f\u0131nan y\u00fck\u00fcn hem personel, hem de \u00e7evre a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tehlikeli oldu\u011funu biliriz ve operasyonel tehlikeleri minimuma indirmek ve \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in hem personel, hem de \u00e7evre a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan maksimum seviyedeki \u00f6nlemler ile y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr\u00fcz. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, kullan\u0131lan ekipmanlar di\u011fer gemilerden farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilece\u011fi gibi ta\u015f\u0131nan kimyasal\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re de de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterecektir.<\/p>\n

Bu ekipmanlar se\u00e7ilirken, Malzeme G\u00fcvenlik Bilgi Formu dedi\u011fimiz MSDS<\/em><\/span>\u2019lerin incelenmesi sonucunda belirlenir. Malzeme G\u00fcvenlik Bilgi Formlar\u0131, kimyasallar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ya da elle\u00e7lenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek risklere kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131nacak tedbirleri, bu risklere kar\u015f\u0131 kullanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ekipmanlar\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda kimyasal hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bilgiyi i\u00e7eren formlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Genel olarak kimyasallar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve\/veya zehirleyicidirler. \u00d6rne\u011fin; kostik soda y\u00fck\u00fc a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir y\u00fckt\u00fcr ve personelin herhangi bir temas\u0131nda ciltte kal\u0131c\u0131 hasarlar b\u0131rak\u0131rken, asetik asit ise buhar\u0131 solundu\u011funda \u00f6l\u00fcmle sonu\u00e7lanabilir. E\u011fer bir ki\u015fi kargo ile ilgili y\u00fckleme\/tahliye ya da y\u0131kama operasyonlar\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor ise ilgili koruyucu k\u0131yafet ve ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131 donanmal\u0131 ve acil durumda kullanmay\u0131 bilmelidir. Yukar\u0131da verdi\u011fimiz \u00f6rnekten gidecek olursak, a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir kargo operasyonunda g\u00f6revli personel;<\/p>\n

\u2022 Full chemical suit<\/em><\/span> dedi\u011fimiz kimyasala kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 k\u0131yafetini,
\n\u2022 \u0130lgili kimyasala uygun koruyucu eldivenini,
\n\u2022 Kimyasala dayan\u0131kl\u0131 botlar\u0131n\u0131,
\n\u2022 Tam kapal\u0131 y\u00fcz maskesini donanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer yandan, zehirli bir y\u00fck ile ilgili operasyon yap\u0131yorsak, operasyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya da acil durum ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f an\u0131nda solunum cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Bu solunum cihazlar\u0131 ‘Self<\/span> Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) ve Emergency Escape Breathing Devices (EEBD)<\/span>‘<\/span><\/em>d\u0131r.
\nSCBA, kargo ile ilgili operasyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmasa dahi haz\u0131r bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Unutmamal\u0131y\u0131z ki, bu cihazlar\u0131n haz\u0131r bulundurulmas\u0131ndan daha \u00f6nemlisi, ekipmanlar\u0131n do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilirli\u011fidir. SCBA i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnecek olursak;<\/p>\n

\u2022 T\u00fcp\u00fcn bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fc
\n\u2022 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7 alarm\u0131n\u0131n testi
\n\u2022 Genel olarak kondisyonun kontrol\u00fc
\n\u2022 Y\u00fcz maskesinin s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00f6nemli testleri kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte ekipman\u0131n do\u011fru ve etkili kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in ekipman\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresini yani t\u00fcp\u00fcn i\u00e7erisindeki s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f havan\u0131n ne kadar s\u00fcreli oldu\u011funu, nas\u0131l etkili kullanabilece\u011fini, bas\u0131nc\u0131n takibinin \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7ta gelen alarm\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131, kesinlikle biliyor olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir SCBA t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fcn bas\u0131nc\u0131 emniyetli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n maksimum %10\u2019u alt\u0131nda olabilir.<\/p>\n

EEBD\u2019yi SCBA ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmamak gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc EEBD ad\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere acil durumlarda kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r ve kimyasal tankerlerde kurala g\u00f6re her personelde birer adet olacak \u015fekilde bulunmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. EEBD olas\u0131 bir acil durum an\u0131nda, ki\u015finin temiz havaya ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in kullanaca\u011f\u0131 ekipmand\u0131r ve kesinlikle kargo operasyonlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaz. Yine SCBA\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi t\u00fcp\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hava ve y\u00fcz maskesi vard\u0131r. EEBD\u2019lerden ki\u015fiye hava deste\u011fi 15 dakika s\u00fcreyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kimyasal tankerlerde, di\u011fer gemilerden farkl\u0131 olan di\u011fer \u00f6nemli ki\u015fisel ekipman ise Oxygen Analysers ya da Multi Gas Meters<\/em><\/span> dedi\u011fimiz ki\u015fisel gaz tespit cihazlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu cihazlarda bulunan sens\u00f6rler sayesinde ki\u015fi bulundu\u011fu ortamdaki tehlikeli gazlar\u0131n ve oksijenin tespitini sa\u011flar. Bu sens\u00f6rler cihaza g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilece\u011fi gibi genel olarak;<\/p>\n

\u2022 LEL ( Lower Explosion Limit – Alt Patlama S\u0131n\u0131r\u0131) : Low: %1, Up: %10
\n\u2022 O2 min %19.5, max %23.5
\n\u2022 CO ve H2S\u2019 in tespitini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte bilinmesi gereken \u00f6nemli bir husus ise zehirli gazlara ne kadar s\u00fcreli maruz kal\u0131naca\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Yine y\u00fck\u00fcn TLV olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Threshold Limit Value<\/em><\/span> yani E\u015fik Limit De\u011feri\u2019lerini, y\u00fck\u00fcn MSDS\u2019inden \u00f6\u011frenebiliriz. Bu de\u011fer, bize kimyasal bir madde ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda herhangi bir anda maruz kal\u0131nacak limitleri vermektedir. Bu do\u011frultuda ACGIH (The American Conference of Govenmental Industrial Hygienists) America Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019ne ait bir kurum taraf\u0131ndan TLV, 3 ana grupta belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bunlar;<\/p>\n

TLV-TWA ( Time Aweighted Avarage) \/ Ortalama Maruz Kalma Limiti;<\/em><\/span> Ortalama bir kimyasala g\u00fcnde 8 saat maruz kalma limitidir.<\/p>\n

TLV-STEL ( Short Term Exposure Limit) \/ K\u0131sa S\u00fcreli Maruz Kalma Limiti;<\/em><\/span> Bir kimyasal ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n herhangi bir an\u0131nda 15 dakikadan fazla maruz kal\u0131nmamas\u0131 gereken limittir. Bu limit g\u00fcnde 4 defadan fazla tekrarlanmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Tekrar edilen her bir maruziyet aras\u0131nda en az 60 dakika olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

TLV-Ceiling \/ Tavan De\u011feri;<\/em> <\/span>Kimyasal ile bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn herhangi bir an\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131 gereken limittir.
\nSpesifik bir gazdan \u00f6rnek verecek olursak; CO (Karbon monoksit) gaz\u0131 i\u00e7in TLV-TWA 25 ppm ( parts per million) STEL ise 200 ppm\u2019dir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

D\u00fczenleme: R\u00fcya Hazar<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ekleyen: G\u00fclcan<\/span> Keskin<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Genel olarak Ki\u015fisel Koruyucu Ekipmanlar, gemide emniyet ve sa\u011fl\u0131k risklerine kar\u015f\u0131 giyilen, yada kullan\u0131lan ekipmanlard\u0131r. Bu koruyucu ekipmanlar belirli standartlara sahiptirler ve her gemide hemen hemen ayn\u0131d\u0131rlar. \u00d6rnek verecek olursak; \u2022 Baret \u2022 Koruyucu Kulakl\u0131k \u2022 Koruyucu G\u00f6zl\u00fck \u2022 Koruyucu K\u0131yafetler \u2022 Koruyucu Eldivenler \u2022 Emniyet Ayakkab\u0131s\u0131 \u2022 Solunum Ekipmanlar\u0131 \u2022 Y\u00fczd\u00fcrmeye Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Ekipmanlar vb. …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6352,"featured_media":30056,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[522],"tags":[4897,3757,4885,1970,1155,4890,4896,1750,4893,4894,4484,4889,4887,4895,4892,4886,4888,4891],"class_list":["post-29994","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-ozel-yazilar","tag-chemical-suit","tag-gamze-nur-yalcin-yazilari","tag-gulcan-keskin-eklemeleri","tag-kimyasal-tanker","tag-kimyasal-tanker-tasimaciligi","tag-kisa-sureli-maruz-kalma-limiti","tag-koruyucu-ekipman","tag-msds","tag-ortalama-maruz-kalma-limiti","tag-oxygen-analysers-ya-da-multi-gas-meters","tag-ruya-hazar-duzenlemeleri","tag-short-term-exposure-limit","tag-tavan-degeri","tag-threshold-limit-value","tag-time-aweighted-avarage","tag-tlv-ceiling","tag-tlv-stel","tag-tlv-twa"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nKimyasal Kargolarda Ki\u015fisel Koruyucu Ekipman Kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00d6nemi - 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