{"id":29528,"date":"2017-06-05T19:00:18","date_gmt":"2017-06-05T16:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/?p=29528"},"modified":"2017-06-04T14:56:57","modified_gmt":"2017-06-04T11:56:57","slug":"limanlardaki-sinsi-tehlike-bocekler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/limanlardaki-sinsi-tehlike-bocekler\/","title":{"rendered":"Limanlardaki Sinsi Tehlike: B\u00f6cekler"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"B\u00f6cekler D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n her yerinde bulunurlar. Sokmalar\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 kimi zaman ki\u015fide alerjik reaksiyonlar<\/em><\/span> yol a\u00e7abilen kimi zaman ise zehirlenmelere<\/span><\/em> kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilen sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilir. Gemide \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan personelde fark\u0131nda olmasa da bu tehlikelerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r. Gerek limanlarda d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda gerek gemiye d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan b\u00f6ceklerin gelmesiyle denizciler bu tehlikeyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabilirler. Denizcilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu b\u00f6cek \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip de\u011fildir. Deniz ticaretinin tabiat\u0131 gere\u011fi D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n her yerinde her limanda farkl\u0131 ko\u015fullarda bulunuldu\u011fundan bu konuda bilgili olmak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle gemi limandan kalkt\u0131ktan sonra g\u00fcnlerce, haftalarca, hatta aylarca karadan uzakta bulunulabilece\u011finden b\u00f6cek \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 ve sokmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 hem personelin kendinin hem de personelin sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131ndan da sorumlu olan zabitlerin bu gibi durumlara kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lacak ilk yard\u0131m<\/em><\/span> konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmas\u0131 hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Bu yaz\u0131da ba\u015fl\u0131ca b\u00f6cek \u0131s\u0131rmalar\u0131<\/em><\/span> ve sokmalar\u0131ndan<\/em><\/span> bahsedece\u011fim. S\u0131tma<\/span><\/em>, zika<\/span><\/em> ve ebola<\/em><\/span> gibi durumlarda kesinlikle hastanede tedavi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 olarak b\u00f6cek \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 ve sokmalar\u0131 birbirinden farkl\u0131 \u015feylerdir. B\u00f6cek sokmalar\u0131 zehir b\u00f6ceklerin i\u011fneleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sahip olduklar\u0131 zehri insan derisine enjekte etmesidir. Genelde a\u011fr\u0131<\/em> <\/span>ve \u015fi\u015fkinlik<\/em> <\/span>yaparlar. B\u00f6ce\u011fin i\u011fnesinin deri i\u00e7inde kalma ihtimali bulunmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6cek \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 ise \u00e7o\u011funlukla zehirsiz b\u00f6ceklerin kan emmek i\u00e7in salg\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131 p\u0131ht\u0131 \u00f6nleyici maddelere kar\u015f\u0131 alerjik reaksiyon<\/em><\/span> ve b\u00f6lgesel tahri\u015f<\/em><\/span> olu\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u00f6cek \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman zarars\u0131zd\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle ha\u015fere \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 zarars\u0131zd\u0131r. K\u0131sa s\u00fcreli belirtileri vard\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6r\u00fcmcek, ar\u0131 ve akrep sokmalar\u0131 da \u00e7o\u011fu zaman zarars\u0131zd\u0131r. Fakat esas tehlikeli olan durum baz\u0131 insanlar\u0131n b\u00fcnyeleri bu durumlara kar\u015f\u0131 daha hassast\u0131r ve bu insanlarda b\u00f6cek \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 ve sokmalar\u0131 anafilaksi<\/span> <\/em>ad\u0131 verilen, dikkat edilmezse \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl sonu\u00e7lara bile yol a\u00e7abilecek alerjik durumlar<\/span><\/em> olu\u015fturabilir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki durumlarda sadece benek, ka\u015f\u0131nt\u0131 ve su toplama gibi zarar\u0131 olmayan sonu\u00e7lar olu\u015fur. Alerji durumlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 mutlaka zabitlerin gemiye kat\u0131lan personelin daha \u00f6nce b\u00f6cek \u0131s\u0131rmas\u0131 ve sokmas\u0131n sonucunda alerjik veya daha zararl\u0131 bir durumla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131p kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda bilgi almas\u0131 gerekmektedir. B\u00f6cek sokmas\u0131 sonucu \u0131s\u0131r\u0131k olan b\u00f6lgeden uzakta \u015fi\u015fme, k\u0131zart\u0131, \u00fcrtiker, ka\u015f\u0131nt\u0131, kolik<\/em> <\/span>\u015feklinde kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, kusma, ishal, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcste s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma hissi, nefes almada zorluk, h\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131 solunum, at sesi, dilde \u015fi\u015fme<\/em><\/span> gibi durumlar olu\u015fursa mutlaka dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu bulgular ciddi alerjik reaksiyonun belirtileri olabilir.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi de b\u00f6cek \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 ve sokmalar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 inceleyelim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her b\u00f6ce\u011fin v\u00fccutta verece\u011fi reaksiyon farkl\u0131d\u0131r ve ilk yard\u0131m y\u00f6ntemleri de farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1. Ar\u0131 Sokmas\u0131<\/strong>
\nAr\u0131lar \u00e7o\u011funlukla soktuklar\u0131 yerde i\u011fnelerini b\u0131rak\u0131rlar. Bundan dolay\u0131 \u00f6ncelik ar\u0131n\u0131n i\u011fnesini \u00e7\u0131karmal\u0131y\u0131z<\/em><\/span>. Yaral\u0131 b\u00f6lge y\u0131kanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Daha sonra so\u011fuk uygulama yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer mevcutsa, k\u0131zar\u0131kl\u0131k ve \u015fi\u015flik olu\u015fmu\u015f nokta amonyakl\u0131 suya bat\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir pamukla silinmelidir. E\u011fer a\u011f\u0131zdan sokulmu\u015fsa ve solunumu engelleme durumu mevcutsa buz emmesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Alerjisi olmayan biri i\u00e7in belirtiler k\u0131sa s\u00fcrer.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ar\u0131 sokmalar\u0131nda ki en tehlikeli noktalar; dil ya da a\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7idir<\/em><\/span>. Bu gibi durumlarda; a\u011f\u0131z tuzlu su<\/em><\/span> ile \u00e7alkalanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hasta s\u00fcrekli takip edilmelidir. E\u011fer \u00e7ok ciddi bir \u015fi\u015fme durumu olu\u015fursa acilen bir sa\u011fl\u0131k kurumuna g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir. Ayr\u0131ca alerjik reaksiyon g\u00f6steren ki\u015finin boynunda \u015fi\u015fme varsa derhal t\u0131bbi yard\u0131m istenilmelidir. Ki\u015finin ar\u0131 sokmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 alerjisi varsa derhal limanda iseniz sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015funa g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmeli, denizde iseniz mutlaka t\u0131bbi yard\u0131m istenilmelidir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

2. Akrep Sokmas\u0131<\/strong><\/span>
\nAkrep zehrini kuyru\u011funda ta\u015f\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Zehirin g\u00fcc\u00fc akrebin kuyru\u011fundaki bo\u011fum say\u0131s\u0131 ile do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Akrebin soktu\u011fu yerde \u015fi\u015flik<\/span> <\/em>ve k\u0131zar\u0131kl\u0131k<\/span> <\/em>olu\u015fur, beraberinde \u015fiddetli bir a\u011fr\u0131 da hissedilir. Zehir sinir sistemini<\/span><\/em> ve kalbi<\/span> <\/em>etkileyebilir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Zehrin kana kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda sonra ise, bulant\u0131, kusma, kramp girmesi, solunum yetmezli\u011fi, titreme, havale<\/em><\/span> gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli belirtiler ba\u015f g\u00f6sterebilir. Bu gibi durumlarda; akrebin soktu\u011fu yerin biraz alt\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u0131ca ba\u011flamak gerekir. Sokman\u0131n oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lge hareket ettirilmemelidir. Yatar pozisyonda tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yaraya so\u011fuk uygulama yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ki\u015fiye alkol verilmemeli ve yara ba\u011flanmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ilkyard\u0131m uygulamalar\u0131ndan sonra hasta takip edilmelidir. Limanda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise hasta en yak\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k kurumuna g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir.<\/p>\n

3. \u00d6r\u00fcmcek Sokmas\u0131<\/strong>
\nZehirli \u00f6r\u00fcmcekler kum saati \u015feklinde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve siyah olurlar. Ayr\u0131ca kafalar\u0131nda k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 benek olmas\u0131 \u00f6r\u00fcmce\u011fin zehirli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Is\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131nda sinir sistemini<\/em><\/span> etkilerler. Kar\u0131n k\u0131sm\u0131nda a\u011fr\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr<\/em><\/span> ve kar\u0131n kaslar\u0131nda sertle\u015fme g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr<\/em><\/span>. Yara oynat\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Yaran\u0131n \u00fczeri bez veya e\u015farpla s\u0131k\u0131lmal\u0131 ve buz uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Zehirli \u00f6r\u00fcmcek sokmalar\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131rmalar\u0131nda mutlaka t\u0131bbi yard\u0131m gereklidir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

4. Kene Yap\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong>
\nKeneler \u00e7o\u011funlukla su kenarlar\u0131<\/em><\/span> ve otlaklarda<\/em> <\/span>bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Afrika, G\u00fcney Amerika<\/em><\/span> gibi b\u00f6lgelere sefer yapan gemilerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan gemilerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan personeller limana \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131nda dikkat etmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Keneler, \u0131s\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 anda vir\u00fcs\u00fc bula\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Vir\u00fcs, enfekte olmu\u015f insan\u0131n kan\u0131ndan<\/em><\/span> ve ifrazat\u0131ndan<\/em><\/span> da bula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7inde ayr\u0131ca dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir. Otlaklar, \u00e7al\u0131l\u0131klar aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz esnada aya\u011f\u0131m\u0131za tutunarak ya da a\u011fa\u00e7l\u0131k bir alanda a\u011fa\u00e7tan d\u00fc\u015ferek derimize yap\u0131\u015fabilirler. Kenenin tutundu\u011fu yer bir s\u00fcre sonra k\u0131zar\u0131p ka\u015f\u0131nmaya ba\u015flar. Keneyi kesinlikle elle \u00e7\u0131karmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamal\u0131, \u00fczerine herhangi bir kimyasal<\/em> (alkol, gaz ya da zeytinya\u011f\u0131 gibi)\u00a0<\/em><\/span>d\u00f6k\u00fclmemelidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc b\u00f6yle bir durum, kenenin kusmas\u0131na dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da zehrin t\u00fcm v\u00fccuda yay\u0131lmas\u0131na sebep olur. Ayr\u0131ca kene kesinlikle \u00e7\u0131plak elle tutulmamal\u0131 ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmemelidir<\/em><\/span>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kenenin ba\u015f\u0131 dokunun i\u00e7ine g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fse, cerrahi i\u015flemle \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finden en yak\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k kurumuna gidilmelidir. Ki\u015fide; ate\u015f, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, halsizlik, kol\/bacak\/s\u0131rtta \u015fiddetli a\u011fr\u0131<\/em><\/span> ve i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k<\/span> <\/em>gibi belirtilerin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi halinde derhal en yak\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k kurumuna g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir.<\/p>\n

D\u00fczenleme: Tugay Hocek<\/span><\/a><\/strong>
\n Ekleyen: Ay\u015fe K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u00f6cekler D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n her yerinde bulunurlar. Sokmalar\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 kimi zaman ki\u015fide alerjik reaksiyonlar yol a\u00e7abilen kimi zaman ise zehirlenmelere kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilen sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilir. Gemide \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan personelde fark\u0131nda olmasa da bu tehlikelerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r. Gerek limanlarda d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda gerek gemiye d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan b\u00f6ceklerin gelmesiyle denizciler bu tehlikeyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabilirler. Denizcilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu b\u00f6cek \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 konusunda yeterli …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":87,"featured_media":29538,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[522],"tags":[2727,4853,4846,4849,4852,3137,4845,4847,2713,2045,4843,4855,4851,4854,2715,1046,3882,4850,4844,4848],"class_list":["post-29528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-ozel-yazilar","tag-afrika","tag-akrep-sokmasi","tag-alerjik-reaksiyon","tag-anafilaksi","tag-ari-sokmasi","tag-ayse-kirici-eklemeleri","tag-bocek","tag-bocek-isirmasi","tag-ebola","tag-guney-amerika","tag-ilk-yardim","tag-kene-yapismasi","tag-kolik","tag-orumcek-sokmasi","tag-sitma","tag-tayfun-emre-zerde-yazilari","tag-tugay-hocek-duzenlemeleri","tag-urtiker","tag-zehirlenme","tag-zika"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLimanlardaki Sinsi Tehlike: B\u00f6cekler - 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