{"id":29089,"date":"2017-03-12T19:10:49","date_gmt":"2017-03-12T16:10:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/?p=29089"},"modified":"2017-03-12T19:06:49","modified_gmt":"2017-03-12T16:06:49","slug":"denizde-yanlis-haberlesmelerin-kazalara-yol-actigini-kanitlayan-iki-kaza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/denizde-yanlis-haberlesmelerin-kazalara-yol-actigini-kanitlayan-iki-kaza\/","title":{"rendered":"Denizde Yanl\u0131\u015f Haberle\u015fmelerin Kazalara Yol A\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Kan\u0131tlayan \u0130ki Kaza"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Haberle\u015fme, geni\u015f bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kapsaml\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir s\u00f6zc\u00fckt\u00fcr. \u00c7ok s\u0131k olan tuhaf bir kaza bug\u00fcnlere aktar\u0131ld\u0131. Birisi Hu <\/em><\/span>adl\u0131 bir ki\u015finin kaza ge\u00e7irdi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek acil servisi \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. Ma\u011fdur \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde acil servis kendilerinin ma\u011fdurun kimli\u011finin Who (kim)<\/span> <\/em>de\u011fil Hu <\/em><\/span>oldu\u011funu anlayabildiklerini s\u00f6yleyebildi. Gemide herhangi bir g\u00f6revle g\u00f6revlendirilen gen\u00e7 r\u00fctbelerin \u201cEvet Efendim<\/em><\/span>\u201d diye cevaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6rd\u00fck ve daha sonra konuyla ilgili ba\u015fka bir \u015fey yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffettik.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnek talimatlar\u0131n tam ve do\u011fru anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini, konuyla ilgilerini ve durumsal yorumlar\u0131n\u0131 da belirtir. Gemideki \u00e7e\u015fitli olaylar, acil ve rutin durumlar boyunca bir denizcinin \u00f6nceden tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f ve belirlenmi\u015f kal\u0131plara g\u00f6re hareket etmesi gerekti\u011fi gibi cevap vermesini de ister. \u00c7e\u015fitli rutin olmayan g\u00f6revler i\u00e7in de \u015firketler ekip toplant\u0131lar\u0131, rutin g\u00fcvenlik toplant\u0131lar\u0131 ve risk de\u011ferlendirme prosed\u00fcrlerini sunmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu etkile\u015fim toplant\u0131lar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak d\u00fczenlenir ve onlar, kaptana ve di\u011fer ekip liderlerine liyakati ve bir g\u00f6rev \u00f6ncesi ekipteki \u00fcyelerin yeterliliklerini tan\u0131mada destek olur. Burada ekip lideri ve ekip \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131ndaki veya m\u00fcrettebat aras\u0131ndaki haberle\u015fme, hata zincirlerinin olas\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayarak ve temel nedenlerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda kilit rol\u00fc oynar.<\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki olaylar \u00e7e\u015fitli ileti\u015fim hatalar\u0131n\u0131n kazalara ve hatta kay\u0131plara yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- Olay:<\/em><\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>“Kanal\u0131n orta hatt\u0131 boyunca seyretti\u011fi san\u0131lan bir gemi k\u0131lavuz kaptanla S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7iyordu, ancak gemi orta hattan uza\u011fa s\u00fcr\u00fcklenirken k\u0131lavuz kaptanlar ve k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fc ekibi d\u00fczeltici d\u00fcmeni ve bunu kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in makineleri kulland\u0131lar. Gemi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde salland\u0131 ve o zaman kar\u015f\u0131 taraftaki di\u011fer banka yakla\u015ft\u0131. Geminin k\u0131\u00e7\u0131 hafif\u00e7e \u00e7arpt\u0131 ve kayal\u0131k tabana temas etti. \u015eiddetli bir ses duyuldu ve sars\u0131nt\u0131lar k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fc ve hatta makine dairesinde de hissedildi. Geminin h\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve yeniden toparland\u0131. T\u00fcm gemi personeli sars\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 fark etti. Makine dairesi her \u015feyin yolunda oldu\u011funu onaylamas\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc arad\u0131. Vardiyadaki zabitlerin her ikisi, k\u0131lavuz kaptan olumlu yan\u0131tlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in her \u015feyin yolunda oldu\u011funu onaylad\u0131. Gemi tekrar h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltti ve kanal ge\u00e7i\u015fine kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden devam etti. Vardiyadaki en k\u0131demli zabit ne kaptan\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 ne de bunu daha sonra onunla tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Su hatt\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda teknenin ba\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131 zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve bu y\u00fczden darbe alan\u0131nda geminin mukavemeti b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azald\u0131. Hafif bir deformasyondu fakat su \u00e7izgisinin alt\u0131ndayd\u0131. Gemi kanaldan ge\u00e7ti ve y\u00fckleme liman\u0131nda y\u00fcklenirken yeniden b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc duyuldu ve vardiyadaki zabit iskele taraftaki 1, 2 ve 3 nolu balast tanklar\u0131na suyun h\u0131zla girdi\u011fini fark etti. Hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, deforme olmu\u015f ve yorulmu\u015f teknenin zay\u0131f b\u00f6lgesi s\u00fcrekli stresler nedeniyle par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.”<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Gemideki ekip aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fim eksikli\u011fi, k\u0131y\u0131 y\u00f6netimi ile kurulan temas ve durumu ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde rapor ettikten sonra balast tanklar\u0131n\u0131n muayenesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda hasar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmede ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmalar\u0131 soru\u015fturman\u0131n as\u0131l nedeni oldu. Burada gemideki ekip ve k\u0131y\u0131 personeli aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir haberle\u015fme, kiralama masraflar\u0131n\u0131 ve gemi sahiplerinin u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 itibar kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyebilirdi.<\/p>\n

2- Olay:<\/em><\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>“Ba\u015fka bir olaylar zincirinde denizde m\u00fchendislerden olu\u015fan bir ekip, kargo makinelerinin \u00f6n testiyle me\u015fguld\u00fcler. Y\u00fck pompalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran buhar t\u00fcrbinlerinin test edilmesi planland\u0131. En gen\u00e7 m\u00fchendisin ana buhar valf\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7mas\u0131 istendi. Toplamda \u00fc\u00e7 valf vard\u0131, her biri bir t\u00fcrbin i\u00e7indi. O, valflar\u0131n birini a\u00e7t\u0131 ve buhar t\u00fcrbinlerinden birine zarar veren hat boyunca son derece g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcyle buhar f\u0131\u015fk\u0131rd\u0131. Is\u0131t\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f yanl\u0131\u015f bir t\u00fcrbin buhara maruz kald\u0131. Gemi \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde limana yana\u015facakt\u0131 ve t\u00fcrbin i\u00e7in hi\u00e7 yedek yoktu bu y\u00fczden gemi \u00fc\u00e7 yerine sadece iki pompayla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu bilgi, terminale varmadan \u00f6nce \u00f6n giri\u015f sorgulamalar\u0131nda veya kiralayanlara bildirilmedi. Bunun yerine gemi t\u00fcm y\u00fck donan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 rapor etti. Sonu\u00e7 olarak bu gemi \u00fc\u00e7 pompas\u0131 da \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ncaya kadar tutuldu ve o liman i\u00e7in terminalde kara listeye kaydedildi.”<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki olay ekip \u00fcyelerinin beceriksizli\u011fi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden meydana gelmedi. Ekibin ihmal etti\u011fi en \u00f6nemli \u015fey belirli talimatlar\u0131n iletilmesi ve g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015f personel taraf\u0131ndan onaylanmas\u0131yd\u0131. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bir y\u00f6ntem bir hata zincirinin geli\u015fmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in her zaman faydal\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

Durum incelemelerinin en yayg\u0131n konusu, seyirle ilgili kazalarda \u00f6nemli bir pay\u0131 bulunan fakt\u00f6r yetki de\u011fi\u015fmesine dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fc ekibi, geminin karaya oturmas\u0131nda, bir r\u0131ht\u0131ma veya ba\u015fka bir gemiye \u00e7arpmas\u0131nda veya \u00e7ok yak\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma durumundan ka\u00e7mas\u0131nda, k\u0131demli ve gen\u00e7 g\u00fcverte zabitleri aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve tek tarafl\u0131 ileti\u015fim nedeniyle ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olur.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fc ekibi y\u00f6netimi veya k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fc kaynaklar\u0131 y\u00f6netimi, gerekli seyir becerileri ve uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra etkile\u015fimli ileti\u015fim ve bu iki y\u00f6n\u00fcn geli\u015ftirilmesinin \u00f6nemini vurgular. Onlar\u0131n kesin olarak belirtti\u011fi k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fcnde k\u00f6t\u00fc veya y\u00f6netilemeyen kaynaklar veya personel sefer boyunca seyir tehlikelerine e\u015fde\u011fer benzer bir tehlike olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Neredeyse her hata zincirinde, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n yava\u015f yava\u015f bir kazaya neden olmas\u0131 ekibin an\u0131nda ve teredd\u00fcts\u00fcz ileti\u015fim kuramamas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bir ekip lideri gemideki \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6revleri planlarken ve y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken her zaman ekibinin \u00fcyelerinin aktif kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etmeli ve dostane ortam yaratmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130yi tayin edilmi\u015f bir ekibin, g\u00fcven i\u00e7inde ve zamana ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak hedeflere ula\u015fmas\u0131 en gerekli \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. Bu t\u00fcr ekipler k\u0131y\u0131 y\u00f6netimi ve deste\u011fiyle iyi koordine edilmi\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara \u015fahit olurlar.<\/p>\n

Verilen bir talimat\u0131n takip edilmesi, yerine getirilen i\u015fin tasarlanm\u0131\u015f amaca uygunlu\u011funun tespit edilmesidir. Bir ekip liderinin kesin talimatlar vermesi ve ayn\u0131 anda ekip \u00fcyelerinin onlar\u0131 net olarak anlamas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Gemide haberle\u015fme, s\u00f6zl\u00fc, yaz\u0131l\u0131 talimatlar veya i\u015faret verme yoluyla \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fekilde olabilir.<\/p>\n

Gemide ileti\u015fim yollar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 ipucu:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Talimatlar veya sorular duyulabilir, detayl\u0131, amaca uygun ve g\u00f6reve odaklayan olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Asla ekip \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda veya ekip liderinden herhangi bir bilgiyi gizlemeye veya g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
  2. En \u00f6nemlisi herhangi bir g\u00f6reve ba\u015flamaya veya devam etmeye te\u015febb\u00fcs etmeden \u00f6nce belirsizlik ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k durumunda tart\u0131\u015fmak, sormak veya a\u00e7\u0131klama yapmak her zaman tavsiye edilir.<\/li>\n
  3. Gemide ileti\u015fim i\u00e7in do\u011fru kanal her zaman kurulmal\u0131 ve takip edilmelidir. Bu genellikle \u015eirket Y\u00f6netimi El Kitaplar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f ve tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  4. \u0130leti\u015fim i\u00e7in uygun ifadeler tan\u0131mlanmal\u0131 ve buna g\u00f6re kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ok iyi bir \u00f6rnek; Ana makinelerin lokal olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya pompa dairesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken sesli telefonlar veya geminin d\u00e2hili telefonlar\u0131 Walkie Talkilere k\u0131yasla daha etkili olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ba\u011flama yerlerinde veya k\u0131lavuz kaptan aktarma haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 boyunca walkie talkieler kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ve h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r. Benzer \u015fekilde talimler s\u0131ras\u0131nda tehlike alarm\u0131 gemideki ekibi uyarmak i\u00e7in sesle yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve beklenmedik olaylar s\u0131ras\u0131nda onlar\u0131n kabul etti\u011fi ileti\u015fim ifadeleri kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  5. Son olarak yap\u0131c\u0131 ve olumlu yan\u0131t, hatta gemi ekibinden gelen \u00f6nemsiz bilgiler dahi her zaman onlar\u0131n aktif kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    E\u011fer s\u00f6yleneni anlamad\u0131ysan \u201cEvet Efendim<\/span><\/em>\u201d dememeyi her zaman hat\u0131r\u0131nda tut. Zaman\u0131nda bildirilen hata ve eksiklikler vakitsiz kay\u0131plar\u0131 ve tehlikeleri \u00f6nleyebilir.<\/p>\n

    Kaynak: Marine Insight<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong>
    \nTerc\u00fcme: Saadet S\u00fclen<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Haberle\u015fme, geni\u015f bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kapsaml\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir s\u00f6zc\u00fckt\u00fcr. \u00c7ok s\u0131k olan tuhaf bir kaza bug\u00fcnlere aktar\u0131ld\u0131. Birisi Hu adl\u0131 bir ki\u015finin kaza ge\u00e7irdi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek acil servisi \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. Ma\u011fdur \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde acil servis kendilerinin ma\u011fdurun kimli\u011finin Who (kim) de\u011fil Hu oldu\u011funu anlayabildiklerini s\u00f6yleyebildi. Gemide herhangi bir g\u00f6revle g\u00f6revlendirilen gen\u00e7 r\u00fctbelerin \u201cEvet Efendim\u201d diye cevaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8987,"featured_media":29092,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[522],"tags":[4804,4807,4806,4805,3830],"class_list":["post-29089","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-ozel-yazilar","tag-deniz-kazalari","tag-evet-efendim","tag-gemide-haberlesme","tag-gemide-iletisim","tag-saadet-sulen-tercumeleri"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDenizde Yanl\u0131\u015f Haberle\u015fmelerin Kazalara Yol A\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Kan\u0131tlayan \u0130ki Kaza - 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