{"id":18530,"date":"2014-12-30T19:00:24","date_gmt":"2014-12-30T17:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/?p=18530"},"modified":"2014-12-29T19:26:12","modified_gmt":"2014-12-29T17:26:12","slug":"denizcilik-ve-mobbing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/denizcilik-ve-mobbing\/","title":{"rendered":"Denizcilik ve Mobbing"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Selen<\/a>\u00d6ncelikle sizlere biraz mobbing kelimesinden bahsetmek istiyorum. \u0130ngilizce \u201cMob<\/em><\/span>\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u015fiddetle ili\u015fki<\/em><\/span> ve yasaya uymayan kabal\u0131k<\/em><\/span> manas\u0131na gelmektedir. S\u00f6zc\u00fck Latince \u2018\u2019mobile vulgus<\/em><\/span>\u2019\u2019 kelime grubundan t\u00fcremi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131nda maddi ve manevi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck zarara yol a\u00e7an duygusal taciz, yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir olgu olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mobbing kelimesini T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu\u2019nda aratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z takdirde kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u2018\u2019Bezdiri<\/em><\/span>\u2019\u2019 kelimesi \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r. Bezdiri kelimesinin ise yine TDK\u2019deki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018\u2019\u0130\u015f yerlerinde, okullarda vb. topluluklar i\u00e7inde belirli bir ki\u015fiyi hedef al\u0131p, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 sistemli bir bi\u00e7imde engelleyip huzursuz olmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7arak y\u0131ld\u0131rma, d\u0131\u015flama, g\u00f6zden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme.<\/em><\/span>\u2019\u2019 olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Genel bir \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mda bulundu\u011fumuz takdirde Mobbing\u2019e psikolojik bask\u0131 da diyebiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Atat\u00fcrk \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde 350<\/em> <\/span>akademisyene yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re akademisyenlerin %82<\/em><\/span>\u2019si bir \u015fekilde Mobbing\u2019e maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdir. Mobbing\u2019e en \u00e7ok<\/em> <\/span>maruz kalan meslek gruplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda hem\u015fire<\/span><\/em> ve \u00f6\u011fretmenler<\/em><\/span> gelmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z zaman mobbing kelimesi ve ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 meslek ve meslek gruplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda denizcili\u011fin<\/span><\/em> unutulmu\u015f veya g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmi\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmekteyim. Bu noktada nas\u0131l bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131labilir, nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ek sonu\u00e7lara ula\u015f\u0131labilir gibi pek \u00e7ok soru kafam\u0131 kurcalamakta. Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere denizde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan insanlar belli bir hiyerar\u015fi<\/em><\/span> ve ast \u00fcst ili\u015fkisi<\/em><\/span> i\u00e7erisinde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Bu hiyerar\u015fi kavram\u0131 sadece denize has bir konu de\u011fildir tabii ki. Bir\u00e7ok meslek grubunda s\u00f6ylenmese de m\u00fcd\u00fcr, m\u00fcd\u00fcr yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, asistan gibi terimler kullan\u0131lsa da aralar\u0131nda belli bir hiyerar\u015fik yap\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur. Hiyerar\u015fide psikolojik bask\u0131 (mobbing) nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlan\u0131r, nas\u0131l ifade edilebilir dedi\u011fimizde \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em><\/span>\u2019n\u0131n i\u015f yerinde psikolojik taciz (mobbing) bilgilendirme rehberinde bizleri ilgilendiren k\u0131sm\u0131nda bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131klama \u015fu \u015fekildedir;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u0130\u015fyerlerinde Psikolojik Taciz T\u00fcrleri<\/strong>
\n\u0130\u015fyerlerinde uygulanan psikolojik tacizi dikey<\/em><\/span> ve yatay<\/span> <\/em>olarak ikiye ay\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Dikey (Hiyerar\u015fik) psikolojik taciz<\/strong><\/p>\n

1)<\/strong> Dikey psikolojik taciz, \u00fcstlerden astlara ya da astlardan \u00fcstlere do\u011fru y\u00f6nelen, ayn\u0131 zamanda iki y\u00f6nl\u00fc de olabilen psikolojik taciz t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

2)<\/strong> Dikey psikolojik tacizin yukar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan yukar\u0131ya olmak \u00fczere iki t\u00fcr\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2.1)<\/strong> Yukar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru psikolojik taciz, bir amirin astlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

2.2)<\/strong> A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan yukar\u0131ya do\u011fru psikolojik taciz ise astlar\u0131n bireysel olarak veya birlikte hareket ederek amirlerine uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \/ uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zaman psikolojik tacizin hiyerar\u015fik d\u00fczende, gemi i\u00e7in \u00f6rnek vermek gerekirse, sadece kaptan veya k\u0131demli ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan alt kademeye yap\u0131lan bask\u0131 \u015feklinde alg\u0131lanmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, olay\u0131n ba\u015fka bir boyutunda gemide \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan alt kademedekilerin toplu halde hareket ederek yapm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 psikolojik tacizlerin de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bunlar\u0131n \u00f6rnekleri illaki ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, mevcuttur ve bunlar\u0131n kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n tutulmas\u0131, ko\u015fullara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z takdirde, pek de mevcut de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Gemi adamlar\u0131 disiplin komisyonunca belirtilen Ek madde 8\u2019de;<\/strong>
\n\u201cGemi adamlar\u0131n\u0131n hizmetleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda herhangi bir \u015fekilde tespit veya rapor edilen mesleki yetersizlikleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda; disiplinsizlikleri, denizcilik \u00f6rf ve adetlerine, team\u00fcllere, denizcilik terbiyesine ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma disiplinine uygun olmayan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ile g\u00f6revi ihmalleri veya kas\u0131tl\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, gemi adamlar\u0131 disiplin komisyonunca incelenir.<\/em><\/span>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Bu noktada bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6z konusu olmaktad\u0131r. Bu de\u011ferlendirmede ki\u015filere inisiyatif y\u00fcklenmesi ne kadar do\u011frudur? Ki\u015filerin zaten belirlenmi\u015f g\u00f6rev ve sorumluluklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Denizcilik terbiyesi, \u00f6rf adet dedi\u011fimiz kavramlar u\u00e7lar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k ve yoruma a\u00e7\u0131k maddelerdir. Hayat\u0131n getirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu tabii ki bir sayg\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesi vard\u0131r bu yads\u0131namaz, zaten olmas\u0131 gereken toplumsal kurallar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde geli\u015fen teknoloji, denizcilikte devrim say\u0131labilecek nitelikteki de\u011fi\u015fimler, sekt\u00f6re farkl\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, farkl\u0131 s\u00f6zlerin s\u00f6ylenmesi gerekti\u011fi fikrini haliyle getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Belirli \u00f6rf adetlerin ve terbiye diye yans\u0131t\u0131lan kurallar\u0131n arkas\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131narak ki\u015filere mobbing uygulamak, psikolojik tacizde bulunmak kolay olabilir. Bu y\u0131ld\u0131rma politikas\u0131 \u00f6zellikle denizde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in sakl\u0131 kalmas\u0131 kara hayat\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha kolay olabilir. Fakat denizcilik \u015firketleri baz\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finin fark\u0131na varmaya ba\u015flad\u0131 diyebiliriz. Bu de\u011fi\u015fimlerin gerek yabanc\u0131 personelle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, gerekse yabanc\u0131 ortaklar edinmekle birlikte oldu\u011fu da net bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Denizde ya\u015famak ki; hayat\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 belirlenmi\u015f bir alanda denizin ortas\u0131nda idame ettirmenin zorluklar\u0131n\u0131 bilmeyenimiz yoktur. Ailesinden uzak, sevdiklerinden belki tam anlam\u0131yla haberi olmadan ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n psikolojilerini ne kadar sa\u011flam kalabilece\u011fi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Herkes tabi\u00ee ki ki\u015filik karakter a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6sterir ama \u015fartlar\u0131n zorlu\u011fu ve y\u00fck\u00fc belli bir ger\u00e7ektir. Bir de \u00fcst\u00fcne denizin ortas\u0131nda sistematik bir \u015fekilde y\u0131ld\u0131rma politikas\u0131 (mobbing) uygulayan insanlarla ya\u015famak ki, hayat\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131lmaz k\u0131labilir. Bunun getirisi olarak denizde intihar vakalar\u0131, g\u00fcverteden d\u00fc\u015fmeler gibi \u00fcrk\u00fcten kay\u0131plar ya\u015fanabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Konuyu netli\u011fe kavu\u015fturmak noktas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdaki bireylerin e\u011fer denizde y\u00f6netici konumundaysa daha anlay\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 koruyucu kollay\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6nde veya k\u0131dem olarak alt kadroda yer al\u0131yorsa da karar veren ki\u015filerin de birer insan oldu\u011fu nihayetinde hata da yap\u0131labilir oldu\u011fu fikri ak\u0131llardan \u00e7\u0131kmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Gemide kader orta\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fumuz fikri de daima ak\u0131llar\u0131n bir k\u00f6\u015fesinde bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Kaynaklar
\n<\/strong>http:\/\/www.tdk.gov.tr
\n<\/a>http:\/\/www.csgb.gov.tr
\n<\/a>http:\/\/mobbing.gazi.edu.tr
\n<\/a>http:\/\/www.denizticaretodasi.org.tr<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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D\u00fczenleyen: Orkut Akar<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ekleyen: Gizem S\u00fcrer<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00d6ncelikle sizlere biraz mobbing kelimesinden bahsetmek istiyorum. \u0130ngilizce \u201cMob\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u015fiddetle ili\u015fki ve yasaya uymayan kabal\u0131k manas\u0131na gelmektedir. S\u00f6zc\u00fck Latince \u2018\u2019mobile vulgus\u2019\u2019 kelime grubundan t\u00fcremi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131nda maddi ve manevi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck zarara yol a\u00e7an duygusal taciz, yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir olgu olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mobbing kelimesini T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu\u2019nda aratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z takdirde kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u2018\u2019Bezdiri\u2019\u2019 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3048,"featured_media":18531,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2994,2990,2409,129,3000,2662,2997,2993,2995,2988,2989,2996,2999,1003,2998,2987,2991,2992],"class_list":["post-18530","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-kose-yazilari","tag-ast-ust-iliskisi","tag-bezdiri","tag-calisma-ve-sosyal-guvenlik-bakanligi","tag-denizcilik","tag-denizcilik-ve-mobbing","tag-gizem-surer-eklemeleri","tag-hemsire","tag-hiyerarsi","tag-mob","tag-mobbing","tag-mobile-vulgus","tag-ogretmen","tag-orf-adet","tag-orkut-akar-duzenlemeleri","tag-psikolojik-taciz","tag-selen-uygur-yazilari","tag-tdk","tag-turk-dil-kurumu"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDenizcilik ve Mobbing - 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