{"id":14318,"date":"2014-02-19T14:03:48","date_gmt":"2014-02-19T12:03:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/?p=14318"},"modified":"2016-05-13T23:03:11","modified_gmt":"2016-05-13T20:03:11","slug":"roportaj-kktc-kilavuz-kaptan-mustafa-curukoglu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-marineeducation.com\/tr\/roportaj-kktc-kilavuz-kaptan-mustafa-curukoglu\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00f6portaj: KKTC K\u0131lavuz Kaptan Mustafa \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fcko\u011flu"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"MUSTAFA
Sn. Mustafa \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fcko\u011flu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

27 Aral\u0131k 2013<\/span><\/em> tarihinde K\u0131lavuz Kaptan Mustafa \u00c7\u00dcR\u00dcKO\u011eLU<\/span><\/em>\u2018nu, g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyeti Girne Turizm Liman\u0131\u2019ndaki ofisinde ziyaret ettim. Kendisine k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131kla ilgili y\u00f6neltti\u011fim sorulara verdi\u011fi yan\u0131tlar ve bana zaman ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim.<\/p>\n

Merve Esin<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6ncelikle k\u0131saca kendinizden bahsedebilir misiniz?<\/strong>
\nKaptan Mustafa \u00c7\u00dcR\u00dcKO\u011eLU, 1985<\/span> <\/em>y\u0131l\u0131nda Denizcilik Y\u00fcksek Okulu<\/span><\/em>\u2019ndan mezun oldum. Uzun y\u0131llar T\u00fcrk armat\u00f6r gemilerinde (Zihni Denizcilik, Mart\u0131 Denizcilik vs.) \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kaptanl\u0131k, ikinci kaptanl\u0131k yapt\u0131m. Daha \u00e7ok uzmanl\u0131k alan\u0131m Oil-Bulk-Oil Carrier (OBO) gemileri idi. Erken ya\u015fta ikinci kaptanl\u0131k g\u00f6revine terfi ettirildim ve uzun s\u00fcre ikinci kaptanl\u0131k g\u00f6revime devam ettim. Daha sonra Zodiac Maritime isimli yabanc\u0131 bir \u015firkette 4 y\u0131l ayn\u0131 g\u00f6revi yapt\u0131m. 1995<\/span><\/em> y\u0131l\u0131nda K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta Girne Liman Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/em>\u2019nda 6<\/span> ayl\u0131k<\/span><\/em> bir pilotluk staj\u0131ndan<\/span><\/em> sonra k\u0131lavuz kaptan olarak g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131m ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 18 y\u0131ld\u0131r k\u0131lavuz kaptan<\/span><\/em> olarak g\u00f6rev yapmaktay\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\"Mustafa<\/p>\n

K\u0131lavuz kaptan kimdir, g\u00f6revleri nelerdir?<\/strong>
\nEn basit tan\u0131mlamas\u0131yla k\u0131lavuz kaptan; s\u0131\u011f, ak\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131, derinlikleri iyi tespit edilememi\u015f, tehlikeli b\u00f6lgelerde, liman giri\u015flerinde, liman i\u00e7erisinde, liman d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karken, bo\u011faz ge\u00e7i\u015flerinde, kanallarda ayr\u0131ca liman yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 da d\u00e2hil olarak kaptan\u0131n yan\u0131nda ona yol g\u00f6steren deneyimli kaptanlardan se\u00e7ilmi\u015f ki\u015fidir. Tabi biz \u2018K\u0131lavuz kaptan kimdir?<\/span><\/em>\u2019 sorusuna cevap verirken biraz da k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k mesle\u011finin \u00e7ok eski y\u0131llara dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, denizcili\u011fin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsetmek istiyorum. M.\u00d6. 1700<\/span><\/em> y\u0131llar\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren Babil\u2019deki yaz\u0131l\u0131 Hammurabi Kanunlar\u0131\u2019nda k\u0131lavuz kaptanlardan s\u00f6z edilmesinden yola \u00e7\u0131k\u0131larak, k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k mesle\u011finin en az 4000 y\u0131ll\u0131k<\/span><\/em> ge\u00e7mi\u015fi oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Denizcili\u011fin ilk zamanlar\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak o zamanki tekneler bir yerden y\u00fck al\u0131p bir di\u011fer yere g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrken kaptanlar\u0131n gittikleri limanlardaki yerel co\u011frafyay\u0131, meteorolojik ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve bu yerel ko\u015fullar i\u00e7inde nas\u0131l manevra yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iyi bilmemeleri y\u00fcz\u00fcnden bir\u00e7ok kaza olmu\u015f, gemiler ve y\u00fckler kaybedilmi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015fte bu sebeple bu sorunu ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in gemi kaptanlar\u0131 al\u0131\u015f\u0131k olmad\u0131klar\u0131 yerlere geldiklerinde, o \u00e7evreyi iyi bilen deneyimli denizcilerin yard\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015flar. Bu da her meslek bir gereksinimden do\u011far ilkesi uyar\u0131nca \u00f6nce k\u0131lavuz kaptanlar\u0131 ve k\u0131lavuzluk mesle\u011fini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f daha sonra da limanlar\u0131n geli\u015fmesiyle, trafi\u011fin artmas\u0131yla, hizmetlerin belirli bir d\u00fczen ve organizasyon i\u00e7inde verilmesi zorunlulu\u011fu sonucu k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k te\u015fkilatlar\u0131 ve k\u0131lavuzluk hizmetleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k i\u00e7in e\u011fitim gereklilikleri ve staj ko\u015fullar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/strong>
\n\u00d6ncelikle k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k mesle\u011fini yapacak olan ki\u015finin uzun ve tecr\u00fcbeli bir deniz ve kaptanl\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fi olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine inan\u0131yorum. Uzun y\u0131llar gemilerde kaptanl\u0131k yap\u0131p tecr\u00fcbe kazand\u0131ktan sonra k\u0131lavuzluk g\u00f6revini yapabilmesi i\u00e7in belli bir s\u00fcre bir e\u011fitimden ge\u00e7mesi gerekiyor. Baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde bu s\u00fcre de\u011fi\u015febilir, ben kendimden \u00f6rnek verecek olursam \u00f6ncelikle 6 ayl\u0131k<\/span><\/em> k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k kursu ve staj\u0131na tabi tutuldum. Daha sonra s\u0131navlara girdim, s\u0131navlarda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldum ve pilotluk lisans\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131ktan sonra g\u00f6revime ba\u015flad\u0131m. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bir kaptanl\u0131k tecr\u00fcbesi sonras\u0131 mutlaka bir k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k staj\u0131 i\u00e7in belirli bir s\u00fcre konmas\u0131nda yarar g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum. K\u0131lavuz kaptan olarak manevralarda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015flemlerin, uygulamalar\u0131n teorik ve pratik olarak tecr\u00fcbeli bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n yan\u0131nda, birlikte bu g\u00f6revi devralmadan \u00f6nce bir e\u011fitim s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7irilmesinde mutlak ve mutlak yarar oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebilirim.<\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nce normal bir fak\u00fclte mezunu olmakla birlikte k\u0131lavuz kaptan olunabilirken \u015fimdi neden denizcilik fak\u00fcltesi \u015fart\u0131 aranmaktad\u0131r? Denizcilik lisesi, meslek y\u00fcksekokulu okuyan bir denizci deniz hizmetine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k neden k\u0131lavuz kaptan olamamaktad\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nEvet, bu sorunun cevab\u0131 en az\u0131ndan kendi \u00fclkemiz i\u00e7in Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyeti yasalar\u0131<\/span><\/em> do\u011frultusunda liman d\u00fczenlemesi yasas\u0131 ve k\u0131lavuzluk t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/span><\/em> ile ilgili kendi \u00fclkem i\u00e7in cevap verebilirim. Tabi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ko\u015fullar \u015fu anda de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir, \u00f6zel k\u0131lavuzluk hizmetleri devreye girmi\u015ftir. Daha \u00f6nce devlet elinde olan bu t\u00fcr hizmetler, yeni d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zel k\u0131lavuzluk hizmetleri \u015feklinde de y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebiliyor. Tabi bu arada \u015fu anki T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019ndeki \u00f6zel k\u0131lavuzluk hizmetlerinin devreye girmesi ile se\u00e7ilen k\u0131lavuz kaptanlar\u0131n hangi \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda ve hangi ko\u015fullara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131 konusunda detayl\u0131 bir bilgi veremem. Ancak Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyeti Liman D\u00fczenleme Yasas\u0131 K\u0131lavuzluk T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019nde halen y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan ve \u00f6zel k\u0131lavuzluk hizmetlerinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkemizdeki ko\u015fullar hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle bir bilgi verebilirim; k\u0131lavuzluk lisans\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fcracaat yapan her \u015fahs\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ki Denizcilik Y\u00fcksek Okulu<\/span><\/em> (\u0130stanbul Teknik \u00dcniversitesi Denizcilik Fak\u00fcltesi \u2013\u0130T\u00dc DF)\u2019den veya Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyeti Bakanlar Kurulu\u2019nun onaylad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/em> muadili yani dengi bir okuldan mezun olmas\u0131 gerekir ki bu daha \u00f6nce sadece tek bir okul olan Y\u00fcksek Denizcilik Okulu (\u0130stanbul Teknik \u00dcniversitesi Denizcilik Fak\u00fcltesi \u2013\u0130T\u00dc DF)\u2019yi kaps\u0131yordu. Fakat bir de\u011fi\u015fiklikle bakanlar kurulunun onaylayaca\u011f\u0131 muadili bir okuldan mezun olmak \u015fart\u0131 eklenerek di\u011fer denizcilik okullar\u0131nda okuyan ki\u015fileri de bu kapsama alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Uzakyol G\u00fcverte Zabiti olarak 500 gross tonilatonun<\/span><\/em> \u00fczerindeki ticaret gemilerinde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 gaybubet izinleri hari\u00e7 en az 30 ay<\/span> <\/em>\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak sureti ile denizde tecr\u00fcbe kazanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 var ki, buna ben de kat\u0131l\u0131yorum \u00e7ok do\u011fru bir tespittir. Bunlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 25 ya\u015f\u0131ndan<\/span><\/em> a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ya da 65 ya\u015f\u0131ndan<\/span><\/em> yukar\u0131da olmamak, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc belli fiziki ko\u015fullara da ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lan bir meslek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bir ya\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131 getirilmi\u015f. Sa\u011flam fiziki b\u00fcnyeye sahip olma \u015fart\u0131 da var. K\u0131lavuzluk lisans\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fcracaat etti\u011fi liman hakk\u0131nda yeterince tecr\u00fcbeye sahip olmak ve Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyeti Limanlar Dairesi M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6revlendirilece\u011fi limanda en az 6 ay staj<\/span><\/em> g\u00f6rd\u00fckten sonra bir k\u0131lavuz olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilecek evsaf ve d\u00fczeye eri\u015fti\u011fi hususunda tatmin etmek \u015fart\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde verilen k\u0131lavuzluk hizmetleri ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de verilen k\u0131lavuzluk hizmetleri aras\u0131nda farklar var m\u0131d\u0131r? Var ise bunlar nelerdir?<\/strong>
\nK\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k hizmetleri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde de k\u0131lavuz kaptanlar\u0131n yeterlilikleri, e\u011fitimleri, belgelendirilmeleri ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma usulleri bir y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00f6netmelikler, kurallar, belgelendirilmeler mutlaka gemiadamlar\u0131 s\u0131nav\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma usul ve esaslar\u0131, gemiadamlar\u0131 y\u00f6netmeli\u011finde belirtilen gemiadamlar\u0131 s\u0131navlar\u0131<\/span><\/em> merkezleri<\/em><\/span> taraf\u0131ndan da y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca Uluslararas\u0131 Denizcilik \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc<\/span><\/em> olan IMO (International Maritime Organization) dedi\u011fimiz \u00f6rg\u00fctle Ula\u015ft\u0131rma, Denizcilik ve Haberle\u015fme Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Deniz ve \u0130\u00e7sular D\u00fczenleme Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/span> <\/em>taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131lavuzluk hizmet b\u00f6lgeleri belirlenerek uluslararas\u0131 standartlardaki uyulmas\u0131 gereken standartlara da \u00fclkemizde aynen uyulmaktad\u0131r. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hareket etme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi zaten olamaz. IMO\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fumuz i\u00e7in ve uluslararas\u0131 standartlar\u0131 yakalamak zorunda oldu\u011fumuz i\u00e7in her konuda oldu\u011fu gibi IMO\u2019nun standartlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da k\u0131lavuzluk hizmetleri d\u00fcnya standartlar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

K\u0131lavuz kaptan yeterlili\u011fi bulunan ki\u015fi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak istedi\u011fi zaman istedi\u011fi herhangi bir limanda veya bo\u011fazda k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k yapabilir mi?<\/strong>
\nK\u0131lavuz kaptan yeterlili\u011fi bulunan ki\u015fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak istedi\u011fi herhangi bir limanda veya bo\u011fazda k\u0131lavuzluk yapamaz<\/span>. Zaten k\u0131lavuz kaptan yeterlili\u011fi<\/span><\/em>, k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k lisans\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f bir kaptan, bulundu\u011fu liman veyahut b\u00f6lgenin bo\u011fazsa bo\u011faz, limansa liman o b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu staj<\/span><\/em>, alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu e\u011fitim<\/span><\/em> ve oradaki ortam \u015fartlar\u0131<\/span><\/em>, dip yap\u0131s\u0131<\/span><\/em>, co\u011frafik durumlar<\/span><\/em>, bilgiler<\/span><\/em> ve o b\u00f6lgenin hava \u015fartlar\u0131 \u00fczerine e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/span><\/em>. Ve lisansland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 liman veyahut b\u00f6lgenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda herhangi bir yerde k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k yapamaz. Ancak ba\u015fka bir liman veyahut b\u00f6lgede k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k yapabilmesi i\u00e7in o b\u00f6lgenin \u015fartlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak e\u011fitim almas\u0131, bilgilendirilmesi ve lisansland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir<\/span><\/em>. Ben kendi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131mdan ve alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fum e\u011fitimden \u00f6rnek verecek olursam; ilk 6 ayl\u0131k k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k staj\u0131m\u0131 Girne Liman Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Girne Liman\u0131 b\u00f6lgesinde bulunan \u015fartlarda e\u011fitimi alarak haz\u0131rland\u0131m ve s\u0131nava tabi tutuldum. Ancak bu 6 ayl\u0131k staj\u0131m\u0131n 2 ayl\u0131k bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ek olarak Magusa Liman Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndaki Magusa Liman\u0131 gemi manevras\u0131na kat\u0131larak da tamamlad\u0131m. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u015fu anda bana verilmi\u015f olan ehliyet k\u0131lavuzluk lisans\u0131 hem Girne Liman\u0131 i\u00e7in hem de Magusa Liman\u0131<\/span><\/em> i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olmaktad\u0131r. K\u0131lavuzluk lisans\u0131mda da bu belirtilmi\u015ftir. Magusa Liman Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda staja kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131m, oradaki e\u011fitimlere d\u00e2hil olmam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131m, alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fum K\u0131lavuz Kaptanl\u0131k Lisans\u0131 belgesinin \u00fczerinde sadece \u201c<\/span>Girne Liman\u0131\u2019nda k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k yapar<\/span><\/em>\u201d diye bir ibare bulunacakt\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gemiye k\u0131lavuz alma iste\u011fi ve operasyonu nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir?<\/strong>
\nGemiye k\u0131lavuz alma iste\u011fi ibaresini \u015fu \u015fekilde d\u00fczeltmek istiyorum. Her \u00fclkenin kendi PSC<\/span><\/em> (Port State Control) veyahut kendi liman d\u00fczenleme yasalar\u0131na g\u00f6re k\u0131lavuz alma zorunlulu\u011fu olan b\u00f6lgelerde, d\u00fczenledikleri uygulamalar ve yasalarla belirlenir<\/span><\/em>. Bu gross tonaj \u00fczerindeki gemilere k\u0131lavuz alma zorunlulu\u011fu veya almama zorunlulu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda bir d\u00fczenleme ile belirtilir. Herhangi bir \u00fclkenin liman\u0131na gidecek bir gemi kaptan\u0131n\u0131n ilk yapaca\u011f\u0131 i\u015f gidece\u011fi \u00fclkenin liman\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi almak<\/span><\/em> i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya limanlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan \u201cGuide to Port Entry<\/span><\/em>\u201d kitab\u0131ndan yararlanarak; gidece\u011fi x liman\u0131ndaki k\u0131lavuz alma durumlar\u0131n\u0131<\/span><\/em>, k\u0131lavuz<\/span> alma zorunlulu\u011funu<\/span><\/em> ve liman yap\u0131s\u0131<\/span><\/em> hakk\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn gerekli bilgileri bularak oradan kendisinin yapaca\u011f\u0131 olan operasyonu planlar. E\u011fer bir kaptan k\u0131lavuz kaptan alma zorunlulu\u011fu olan bir b\u00f6lgeye gelmi\u015fse, bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgedeki Guide to Port Entry\u2019den edindi\u011fi bilgilerle, pilot istasyonun bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lge VHF dedi\u011fimiz telsizle hangi kanaldan \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 yapaca\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/em> ve hangi kanalda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fece\u011fi<\/span><\/em> bilgilerini de bu kitaptan \u00f6\u011frenerek geldi\u011fi b\u00f6lgedeki pilot istasyonlar\u0131na \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 yaparak geli\u015f durumlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda, geminin teknik bilgileri pilot istasyonuna bildirerek giri\u015f yapma iste\u011finde bulunur. O anki \u015fartlar do\u011frultusunda pilot istasyonundan gelecek direktifle ya demirletilecek veyahut limana al\u0131nacak, b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar planlanarak gemi kaptan\u0131na<\/span> <\/em>pilot istasyonu taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak manevra ile ilgili bilgi verilerek, gemi kaptan\u0131na yap\u0131lacak operasyona haz\u0131rl\u0131k yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in zaman verilir. T\u00fcm bu organizasyonlar yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra pilotun \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmas\u0131yla gemi k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131 alaca\u011f\u0131 noktaya telsizden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgilerle hareket ederek pilotu kar\u015f\u0131layarak, pilotu gemiye al\u0131p manevras\u0131na ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"K\u0131lavuz<\/a><\/p>\n

K\u0131lavuz kaptanlar\u0131n gemiye geli\u015flerinde gemide yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken haz\u0131rl\u0131klar nelerdir ve bu haz\u0131rl\u0131klar kimin sorumlulu\u011fu alt\u0131ndad\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nGemiye gelecek olan k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131ndan k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fcne kadar, oradan da kaptan\u0131n yan\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kana kadar olan zaman i\u00e7erisinde k\u0131lavuz kaptanlar\u0131n her t\u00fcrl\u00fc emniyetini sa\u011flayacak<\/span> <\/em>haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n gemi taraf\u0131ndan<\/span><\/em> yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bir gemiye yana\u015f\u0131p pilotu gemiye \u00e7\u0131karma operasyonu s\u0131ras\u0131nda pilotun ba\u015f\u0131na gelebilecek muhtelif kazalar y\u0131llarca tecr\u00fcbe edilerek bunlar bir standart haline getirilmi\u015ftir ve uluslararas\u0131 kurallar zinciri \u015feklinde b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyadaki limanlarda ve bo\u011fazlarda uygulanmaktad\u0131r. K\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n pilot botundan pilot \u00e7arm\u0131h\u0131na ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 att\u0131ktan sonra k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda her t\u00fcrl\u00fc emniyet tedbirinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 da ayr\u0131ca gemi kaptan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlan\u0131r ve sorumlusu da gemi kaptan\u0131d\u0131r<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n

K\u0131lavuz kaptan, k\u0131lavuzlayaca\u011f\u0131 gemiye geldi\u011finde kendisi i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 uygun g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi takdirde k\u0131lavuzluk hizmetini iptal edebilir ve erteleyebilir mi?<\/strong>
\nEvet, k\u0131lavuz kaptan k\u0131lavuzlayaca\u011f\u0131 gemiye geldi\u011fi andan itibaren k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p kumanday\u0131 devralaca\u011f\u0131 ana kadar kendisi i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 e\u011fer uygun bulmam\u0131\u015fsa<\/em><\/span>, ki bunlar kendi can g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve emniyeti i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olan uluslararas\u0131 kurallard\u0131r, erteleyebilir<\/em> ya da iptal edebilir<\/em><\/span>. \u00d6rne\u011fin; pilotu kar\u015f\u0131lama noktas\u0131nda herhangi bir can simidinin ve \u015famand\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131, pilot \u00e7arm\u0131h\u0131 basamaklar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fri monte edilip yanl\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde gemi bordas\u0131ndan pilot botuna kadar indirilmi\u015f d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f \u015feklini tehlikeli g\u00f6r\u00fcrse, gemiye \u00e7\u0131kma esnas\u0131nda herhangi bir tehlikeli durumun pilot \u00e7arm\u0131h\u0131ndan denize d\u00fc\u015fme gibi, sakatlanma durumu gibi al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan tedbirleri yetersiz bulursa, tekrar gemiden inerek geminin bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeden emniyetli bir b\u00f6lgeye gitmesi, demirlemesi ve gerekli emniyet tedbirlerinin tekrar haz\u0131rlat\u0131lmas\u0131 talimat\u0131n\u0131 vererek, geminin k\u0131lavuz hizmetini iptal edebilir veyahut haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in erteleyebilir, gerekirse bu konuyla ilgili kaptana ceza verme yetkisi bulunmaktad\u0131r<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n

K\u0131lavuzluk hizmeti verilirken birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ekip nitelikli ki\u015filerden olu\u015fmakta m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nEvet, k\u0131lavuzluk hizmeti verilirken bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaz. Bu hizmet kendi ekibiyle birlikte r\u0131ht\u0131mdan, pilot botundaki, r\u00f6mork\u00f6rde g\u00f6rev yapacak olan b\u00fct\u00fcn personel i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan bir ekip \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bu g\u00f6revleri yapacak olan ki\u015filer \u00f6rne\u011fin; pilot botu kaptan\u0131 ve yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 veyahut emrinde talimat verece\u011fi r\u00f6mork\u00f6r kaptanlar\u0131 ve gemicileri, ayr\u0131ca r\u0131ht\u0131mdaki r\u0131ht\u0131m amiri, palamarc\u0131lar\u0131n ekibinin nitelikli<\/span><\/em> ve mesleki a\u00e7\u0131dan bilgili<\/span><\/em> olmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir. Tabi ki bilgisiz tecr\u00fcbesiz ki\u015filerden olu\u015fan gerek r\u00f6mork\u00f6r gerek pilot botu personeli gerekse r\u0131ht\u0131mdaki bulunan personelin yanl\u0131\u015f yapaca\u011f\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bilgisizlikten, tecr\u00fcbesizlikten kaynaklanan herhangi bir hatan\u0131n sonucu \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck kazalara, bir insan\u0131n can\u0131n\u0131n kaybetmesine kadar yol a\u00e7abilecek olaylara cevap verebilir. Dolas\u0131yla bu g\u00f6revi, ekip \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yapacak olan ki\u015filerin tecr\u00fcbeli, bilgili ki\u015filerden olu\u015fmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcrokratik i\u015flemlerin k\u0131lavuz kaptanlara etkisi olmakta m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nVerilen hizmet, yap\u0131lan i\u015f fiili ve o an karar verilerek ba\u015flat\u0131lan bir manevra oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in yani o an i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan bu hizmetin, b\u00fcrokratik bir i\u015flemin engel te\u015fkil edece\u011fi ortam veyahut durum bu meslek i\u00e7in s\u00f6ylenemez. Ancak gemi manevras\u0131 biter veyahut manevras\u0131 tamamland\u0131ktan sonraki gemiyle ilgili prosed\u00fcrlerde bir tak\u0131m problemler ve engeller var ise b\u00fcrokratik olarak yani gerek sertifikalar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gerekse gemi i\u015fletmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ya\u015fanacak herhangi bir problem varsa liman ba\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 ve k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yapaca\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ve i\u015flemlerin sonucunda hallolacakt\u0131r ama fiili olarak ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olan bir hizmetin, bir manevran\u0131n<\/span><\/em> b\u00fcrokratik i\u015fleme tak\u0131l\u0131p da iptal edilmesi o an i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu olmaz diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n

Herhangi bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma, kirlilik durumunda k\u0131lavuz gemide iken bir sorumlulu\u011fu bulunmakta m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nKonumuzun en ba\u015f\u0131nda k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131k mesle\u011finden bahsederken bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n k\u0131lavuzlayaca\u011f\u0131 gemiye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra kaptan\u0131n yan\u0131nda yol g\u00f6sterici<\/em> niteli\u011finde olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 normalde uluslararas\u0131 standartlara g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirirsek bir sorumlulu\u011fu bulunmamaktad\u0131r<\/span><\/em>. Sonu\u00e7ta nihai kararlar\u0131 verecek olan ve gemiden sorumlu olacak olan ki\u015fi kaptand\u0131r<\/span><\/em>. Ama herhangi bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma, kirlilik durumunda raporlar tutularak, bilirki\u015fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve raporlar\u0131 sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak olan veriler \u00fczerinden de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131larak, her \u00fclkenin kendi kurallar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde gereken yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, KKTC<\/span><\/em>\u2019deki yasalar gere\u011fince k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n sorumlu oldu\u011fu, cezaland\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fi bir tak\u0131m maddeler vard\u0131r<\/span><\/em>. Ba\u015fka bir \u00fclkede daha farkl\u0131 olabilir. Her \u00fclkenin kendi \u201cPort State<\/span><\/em>\u201d yasalar\u0131na g\u00f6re de de\u011ferlendirilebilir. Ama genel olarak bir tan\u0131mlama yapacak olursak gemi kaptan\u0131 gemisinden sorumlu olan ki\u015fidir, k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu pek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemektedir. Sorumluluk her daim, her \u015fekilde kaptan\u0131n<\/em> \u00fczerindedir.<\/p>\n

Gemi ile k\u0131lavuz kaptan aras\u0131nda sorunlar ya\u015fanmakta m\u0131d\u0131r? Ya\u015fan\u0131yorsa bu sorunlar nelerdir?<\/strong>
\nEvet, gemi ile k\u0131lavuz kaptan aras\u0131nda ya\u015fananlar sorunlar genelde teknik sebepler olup, geminin limana yana\u015fma pozisyonunda hava muhalefeti, gemiden kaynaklanan teknik sorunlar, pilotun pilot botundan gemiye \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131larak k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kana kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrede ya\u015fanan sorunlar zaman zaman gemiyle k\u0131lavuz kaptan aras\u0131nda teknik olarak ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hangi tip gemilerde k\u0131lavuzluk hizmeti vermek daha rahatt\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nK\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerinden k\u0131saca bahsetmek istiyorum. Bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n bedence \u00e7ok sa\u011flam<\/span><\/em>, dayan\u0131kl\u0131<\/span><\/em>, uyar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 alg\u0131lay\u0131p hemen tepki verebilen<\/em><\/span>, so\u011fukkanl\u0131<\/em><\/span>, sab\u0131rl\u0131<\/em><\/span>, sorumluluk sahibi<\/span><\/em>, d\u00fcr\u00fcst<\/span><\/em>, g\u00fcvenilir<\/span>, kurallara uyan<\/span><\/em> bir ki\u015fi olmas\u0131 beklenir. Bu vas\u0131flara sahip olan bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan i\u00e7in tabi ki yana\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131, manevras\u0131n\u0131 yapaca\u011f\u0131 gemi tipine g\u00f6re bir ayr\u0131m yapmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olamaz<\/span><\/em>. Ama teknik olarak tabi ki teknik donan\u0131mlar\u0131 y\u00fcksek olan<\/em><\/span> \u00f6rne\u011fin; ba\u015f pervaneleri<\/span><\/em>, \u00e7ift pervanesi olan<\/span><\/em> belki daha fazla manevraya etki edecek g\u00fc\u00e7te nitelikleri olan<\/span><\/em>, manevra yetene\u011fi y\u00fcksek olan gemiler<\/span><\/em> bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n manevras\u0131nda rahatl\u0131k sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 bir ortam yaratabilir. Bir cruise gemisinin \u00f6zelli\u011findeki bir manevra sistemine sahip pervaneleriyle, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tankerin tek pervaneli geminin manevras\u0131 aras\u0131nda mutlaka zorluk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan farkl\u0131l\u0131klar olacakt\u0131r. Hangi tip olarak demeyelim daha \u00e7ok manevra yetene\u011fi teknik olarak y\u00fcksek gemiler tabi ki k\u0131lavuz kaptanlar\u0131n yapaca\u011f\u0131 manevra a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<\/span><\/em> b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rahatlama sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u0131lavuzluk hizmetini verirken hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve gece-g\u00fcnd\u00fcz operasyonlarda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sorunlar nelerdir?<\/strong>
\n\u00d6ncelikle bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n gemiye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izlenim \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. K\u0131lavuz kaptan gemi kaptan\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc, ne\u015fe ve gururunu ilk payla\u015fan ki\u015fidir. Mevcut oldu\u011fu do\u011fal ortam, atmosfer, hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 da bu etkilerden baz\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. Elbette ki sakin bir havada yap\u0131lan bir manevra ile f\u0131rt\u0131nal\u0131 bir havada yap\u0131lan manevra aras\u0131nda zorluk bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ve gerginlik yaratan bir\u00e7ok unsurlar\u0131n devreye girmesiyle daha b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklar ya\u015fan\u0131r. Ancak k\u0131lavuz kaptan bunu kaptana hissettirmemeli rahat bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fle sakin<\/span><\/em>, panik olmayan<\/span><\/em>, a\u011fz\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kacak olan kararlar\u0131n teredd\u00fcts\u00fcz bir \u015fekilde verildi\u011fini hissettirmek<\/span><\/em> zorundad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 sebebiyle ya\u015fanacak olan bir problemi, o anki hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 nedeniyle gemiye \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00f6nce ekibiyle yap\u0131lacak olan manevran\u0131n takti\u011fi, \u015fekliyle, tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ve ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 o an karar verecek bir \u015fekilde gemiye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n bir planlama program \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yapaca\u011f\u0131 manevrada r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n etkisiyle f\u0131rt\u0131nan\u0131n y\u00f6nlendirece\u011fi kuvvetlerle ne \u015fekilde m\u00fccadele edece\u011finin \u00f6nceden et\u00fct edip ekibiyle kararla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 yararl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r<\/span><\/em>. Elbette ki hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 her liman\u0131n kendi \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fken bir etkendir. Bulundu\u011fumuz limanda hava ko\u015fullar\u0131, Girne Liman\u0131<\/span><\/em>\u2019ndan bahsedecek olursak; elimizdeki r\u00f6mork\u00f6r yetersizli\u011fi<\/span><\/em> ve hava muhalefetine a\u00e7\u0131k bir liman olmam\u0131z sebebiyle<\/span><\/em> sakin bir havada yap\u0131lan manevradan \u00e7ok \u00e7ok daha zor bir manevrayla hizmeti y\u00fcr\u00fctmekteyiz<\/em>. Ama bunu da e\u011fer gemiyi tehlikeye sokacak bir pozisyona d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ta\u015f\u0131yacaksak ona g\u00f6re kaptanla isti\u015fare edilerek gerekirse traverse seyri<\/span> <\/em>yapmas\u0131na olanak sa\u011flayacak durumlar\u0131 da yaratmak bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n g\u00f6revidir<\/span><\/em>. Ama sakin havada yap\u0131lacak olan bir manevrayla, hava muhalefetinin a\u011f\u0131r oldu\u011fu ko\u015fullarda yap\u0131lacak bir manevra aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck farklar olaca\u011f\u0131 kesindir.<\/p>\n

K\u0131lavuz kaptanlar\u0131n can emniyeti ile ilgili ya\u015fanan problemler nelerdir?<\/strong>
\nEvet, k\u0131lavuz kaptanlar\u0131n can emniyetiyle ilgili ya\u015fanan problemler daha \u00e7ok k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n gemiye \u00e7\u0131kma noktas\u0131na kadar s\u00fcren, pilot botundan ba\u015flayarak belki de limandan pilot botuna pilot botundan gemiye \u00e7\u0131kma an\u0131na kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrede ya\u015fanacak olan problemler olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Bunlar ne olabilir dersek e\u011fer; r\u00fczg\u00e2rl\u0131 f\u0131rt\u0131nal\u0131 bir hava olabilir, gemiye \u00e7\u0131kacak olan k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131 gemiye \u00e7\u0131karacak olan pilot botunun gemiye yana\u015fmas\u0131 ile ilgili teknik sorunlar ya\u015fanabilir. Ayr\u0131ca r\u00fczg\u00e2r alt\u0131, r\u00fczg\u00e2r \u00fcst\u00fc yana\u015fma durumlar\u0131n\u0131n iyi hesaplanmas\u0131 gerekir. Pilotun pilot botundan gemiye \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 pilot \u00e7arm\u0131h\u0131 \u00fczerinde ya\u015fanacak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kazalar\u0131n meydana getirece\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck sonu\u00e7lar olabilir. Bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan pilot \u00e7arm\u0131h\u0131 ile gemiye \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda dengesini kaybedip tekne \u00fczerine veyahut deniz \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fme riskiyle her zaman kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r. Geminin donan\u0131m\u0131n bir kere teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan mutlaka k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n emniyetini alaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekmektedir. Ama zaman zaman camiam\u0131zda \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc olaylara da \u015fahit olmuyor de\u011filiz. K\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n \u00e7arm\u0131h \u00fczerinden aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kayarak, elinden pilot \u00e7arm\u0131h\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakarak bir kaza sonucu denize veya teknenin \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015ferek hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi veya sakat kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlara \u015fahit olmu\u015fuzdur. Bu t\u00fcr problemler genelde k\u0131lavuz kaptanlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 can emniyetiyle ilgili problemlerdir diyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

\"KKTC<\/p>\n

Size g\u00f6re k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n avantajlar\u0131 ve dezavantajlar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/strong>
\nBir gemi kaptan\u0131 gemiye atanaca\u011f\u0131 zaman g\u00f6rev yapaca\u011f\u0131 belli bir kontrat d\u00f6nemi s\u00fcresince bu 5 ayd\u0131r, 6 ayd\u0131r, 10 ayd\u0131r yani g\u00f6revi devralaca\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00f6reve ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131 gemisini tan\u0131d\u0131ktan sonra uzun bir s\u00fcre ayn\u0131 gemide gemisini tan\u0131yarak, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6zelli\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenerek, gemiyle b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ferek, g\u00f6rev yapma avantaj\u0131 varken, bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n ilk defa bir gemiye \u00e7\u0131karak o geminin manevras\u0131n\u0131 yapma an\u0131nda dakikalar i\u00e7erisinde o geminin karakteristi\u011fini, teknik verilerini ve davran\u0131\u015f \u015fekillerini \u00f6\u011frenme zorunlulu\u011fundad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczdendir ki bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n \u00fczerindeki yetenekleri ve bilgisi, alg\u0131lamas\u0131, hislerini \u00e7ok daha fazla kullanarak birka\u00e7 dakika i\u00e7erisinde gemiyi deneyerek \u00f6\u011frenmesi zorunlulu\u011fu vard\u0131r. Bir kaptan i\u00e7in bu belki \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra \u00e7ok normal bir \u015feye gelirken ikinci \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc arka \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 hi\u00e7 tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gemide hemen manevras\u0131n\u0131 yapacak olan k\u0131lavuz kaptan i\u00e7in bu tabi ki kaptana g\u00f6re bir dezavantaj say\u0131labilir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda gemi kaptan\u0131n da s\u00fcrekli gemisinde ve denizlerde g\u00f6rev yapmas\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131lavuz kaptana g\u00f6re dezavantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Daha zor \u015fartlarda uzun bir s\u00fcre karadan uzakta, ailesinden uzakta olu\u015fan bir ya\u015fam \u015fekli vard\u0131r. Ama k\u0131lavuz kaptan\u0131n da avantaj\u0131 olarak s\u00f6yleyebilece\u011fimiz sosyal ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 bir kaptan\u0131n sosyal ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re daha rahatt\u0131r ve evinde ailesiyle birlikte olmas\u0131 da bir avantaj olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Her iki durumda da dezavantaj ve avantaj olarak kaptan ile k\u0131lavuz kaptan aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar k\u0131saca bunlard\u0131r diyebilirim.<\/p>\n

Sizce k\u0131lavuz kaptanlar\u0131n nitelikleri neler olmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nBir k\u0131lavuz kaptan fiziki olarak bir kere g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmak zorundad\u0131r. K\u0131lavuzlayaca\u011f\u0131, manevras\u0131n\u0131 yapaca\u011f\u0131 her \u00e7e\u015fit gemi tipine g\u00f6re haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olmak zorundad\u0131r. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tankerden, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir gemiye kadar de\u011fi\u015fken olan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sistemine d\u00e2hil bir durumdur. Zaman gelir \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek bir bordadan g\u00fcverteye \u00e7\u0131kmak zorunda kalabilir bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan, zaman gelir \u00e7ok \u00e7evik bir hareketle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tonajl\u0131 bir gemiye pilot botundan saniyeler i\u00e7erisinde atlamak zorunda kalabilir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131; pilot \u00e7arm\u0131h\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131karken kol kaslar\u0131n\u0131n, bacak kaslar\u0131n\u0131n ve fit olma durumun fiziki a\u00e7\u0131dan ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu i\u015fte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kazalar dolay\u0131s\u0131yla g\u00f6rebiliyoruz. Bir k\u0131lavuz kaptan s\u00fcrekli konsantresini yerinde tutan<\/span><\/em>, hisleri \u00e7ok kuvvetli olan<\/span><\/em>, uykusuzluk problemi ya\u015famayan<\/span><\/em>, kendine \u00e7ok iyi bakmak zorunda olan<\/span><\/em>, konsantrasyonun kaybetmeyen<\/span><\/em>, sinirleri sa\u011flam<\/span><\/em>, belki gerekti\u011finde kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda olan bir gemi personeline rahatlat\u0131c\u0131<\/span><\/em>, psikolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan destek verici sa\u011flaml\u0131kta bir sinir sistemine<\/span><\/em> sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Rahatlat\u0131c\u0131, yol g\u00f6sterici, tamamen kontrol\u00fc kendisinde tutulabilen, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle de bunu hissettirebilecek yetene\u011fe sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Fiziki<\/span><\/em>, ruhsal<\/span><\/em> ve sinirsel bak\u0131mdan maksimum seviyede g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc<\/span><\/em> olmak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Vermi\u015f oldu\u011funuz k\u0131lavuzluk hizmetleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ve unutamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir an\u0131n\u0131z var ise k\u0131saca bahsedebilir misiniz?<\/strong>
\nMutlaka bu k\u0131lavuzluk ya\u015fant\u0131m boyunca uzun y\u0131llar i\u00e7erisinde unutamayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir\u00e7ok an\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Hemen ilk akl\u0131ma gelen, ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llarda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir an\u0131m\u0131 anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fay\u0131m. K\u0131lavuzlu\u011funu yapmak i\u00e7in G\u00fcniz adl\u0131 bir yolcu gemisine \u00e7\u0131kma haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131ktan sonra, pilot \u00e7arm\u0131h\u0131yla gemiye \u00e7\u0131karken gemi kaptan\u0131n\u0131n gemi makinelerinin stop etti\u011fini ve makinelerin tamamen devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00fczerinde yol oldu\u011funun bilgisini ald\u0131m s\u00fcratle k\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fcne do\u011fru pilot \u00e7arm\u0131h\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra ko\u015ftum. K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fcne vard\u0131\u011f\u0131mda gemi makineleri tamamen off olmu\u015ftu, gemi limandan i\u00e7eriye girmi\u015f durumdayd\u0131, \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yol vard\u0131 ve bunu stop etme imk\u00e2n\u0131 da, tornistanla yolu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme imk\u00e2n\u0131m\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in gemi kendi s\u00fcratinde liman i\u00e7erisindeki kar\u015f\u0131 r\u0131ht\u0131ma do\u011fru gitmekteydi. K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fcndeki g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fcyd\u00fc kaptan panik halinde bir sanca\u011fa bir iskeleye \u2018Ne yapaca\u011f\u0131z!\u2019 diye gidip gelmekte ve panik halinde, \u015fa\u015fk\u0131n bir vaziyette idi, ba\u015fm\u00fchendis de panik halinde idi. \u00d6ncelikle \u00e7ok rahat g\u00f6r\u00fcnmem gerekiyordu. K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131m zaman gayet g\u00fcler y\u00fczle ve rahat bir tav\u0131r i\u00e7erisinde problemin ne oldu\u011funu hemen \u00f6\u011frendim. Panik yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 konusunda rahatlat\u0131c\u0131 s\u00f6zler s\u00f6yledikten sonra hemen sancak demirin at\u0131lmas\u0131 talimat\u0131n\u0131 vererek, demirin zincirinin de kaloma edilerek geminin bu \u015fekilde devam etmesini rica ettim. S\u00f6yledi\u011fim talimat hemen yerine getirildi. Liman a\u011fz\u0131ndan i\u00e7eri girmi\u015f olan gemi, \u00fczerinde yol olan bu gemi sancak demirini funda etti. Arkas\u0131ndan ilerlemeye devam etti. Bir m\u00fcddet sonra ikinci demiri de funda ettirerek yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya geminin s\u00fcratini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Bu arada sancak iskele alabandalar yaparak d\u00fcmen yekesinin de geminin s\u00fcratine etki etmesini sa\u011flad\u0131m. T\u00fcm bu manevralar\u0131 yaparken \u00e7ok rahat ve ne\u015feli bir tav\u0131r i\u00e7erisinde hareket ediyordum. Kaptan ve personel zaten benim bu hareketlerimi ve rahatlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc rahatlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Son 40-50 metre kala r\u0131ht\u0131ma \u00e7arpma pozisyonunda sancak demirini aganta yani tutarak gemiyi durdurmak istedim. \u00c7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7le son \u00fczerindeki yol ile r\u00f6mork\u00f6rleri de iskele taraftan dayand\u0131rarak geminin sanca\u011fa iskeleye kaymamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131m. Son 10 metreye girmi\u015ftik, ama maalesef geminin \u00fczerindeki yolu tamamen durduramam\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Ama tatl\u0131 bir s\u00fcratle kaptana d\u00f6nd\u00fcm bakt\u0131m: \u2018Hi\u00e7 kafadan r\u0131ht\u0131ma tosland\u0131n m\u0131?<\/span><\/em>\u2019 dedim. \u2018Hay\u0131r kaptan\u0131m.<\/span><\/em>\u2019 Dedi. \u2018O zaman keyfini \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/span><\/em>\u2019 Dedim. 2 dakika sonra \u00e7ok tatl\u0131 bir vuru\u015fla r\u0131ht\u0131ma dokunduk. R\u00f6mork\u00f6rler yard\u0131m\u0131yla hemen gemiyi sancak taraftan r\u0131ht\u0131ma aborda ettik. Ve \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck alk\u0131\u015fla yolcular\u0131n alk\u0131\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda gemideki ortam\u0131 rahatlatarak gemiden ayr\u0131ld\u0131k. Bu da unutamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m an\u0131lardan biri idi.<\/p>\n

Son olarak eklemek istedi\u011finiz bir \u015fey var m\u0131?<\/strong>
\nTe\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim, t\u00fcm meslekta\u015flar\u0131ma selametler dilerim.<\/p>\n

Edit\u00f6r: Orkut Akar
\n<\/span><\/a><\/strong>Ekleyen: Gamze Nur Yal\u00e7\u0131n<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

27 Aral\u0131k 2013 tarihinde K\u0131lavuz Kaptan Mustafa \u00c7\u00dcR\u00dcKO\u011eLU\u2018nu, g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyeti Girne Turizm Liman\u0131\u2019ndaki ofisinde ziyaret ettim. Kendisine k\u0131lavuz kaptanl\u0131kla ilgili y\u00f6neltti\u011fim sorulara verdi\u011fi yan\u0131tlar ve bana zaman ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim. Merve Esin \u00d6ncelikle k\u0131saca kendinizden bahsedebilir misiniz? Kaptan Mustafa \u00c7\u00dcR\u00dcKO\u011eLU, 1985 y\u0131l\u0131nda Denizcilik Y\u00fcksek Okulu\u2019ndan mezun oldum. Uzun y\u0131llar T\u00fcrk …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1578,"featured_media":24416,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[906],"tags":[1472,2179,2185,205,1338,460,2176,2177,2180,2181,2182,2174,2175,1003,2184,2183,1785,1647,2178],"class_list":["post-14318","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-roportajlar","tag-gamze-nur-yalcin-eklemeleri","tag-girne-liman-baskanligi","tag-guide-to-port-entry","tag-imo","tag-international-maritime-organization","tag-istanbul-teknik-universitesi-denizcilik-fakultesi","tag-kilavuz-kaptan-mustafa-curukoglu","tag-kktc-girne-turizm-limani","tag-kktc-liman-duzenleme-yasasi","tag-kuzey-kibris-turk-cumhuriyeti-limanlar-dairesi-mudurlugu","tag-magusa-liman-baskanligi","tag-merve-esin-roportajlari","tag-mustafa-curukoglu","tag-orkut-akar-duzenlemeleri","tag-port-state-control","tag-psc","tag-turkiye-cumhuriyeti-ulastirma-denizcilik-ve-haberlesme-bakanligi","tag-uluslararasi-denizcilik-orgutu","tag-zodiac-maritime"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nR\u00f6portaj: 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